Self-Expanding Aortic Flow Diverter for Embolic Protection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for cerebral embolism protection during cardiovascular procedures, such as coronary artery bypass surgery and trans-catheter aortic valve replacement, are inadequate as they either fail to address non-anticoagulation responsive embolisms or are cumbersome due to large and rigid devices, necessitating a more effective and safer solution.
Innovation Solution
A self-expanding, tubular aortic flow diverter with a braided or woven Nitinol stent-like portion is deployed across the carotid and subclavian arteries to divert emboli away from cerebral vessels, ensuring minimal embolic load during procedures like TAVR, utilizing a dual-layer Nitinol frame for superior apposition and low profile design to avoid impeding valve replacement.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If traditional aortic cannulas with filters are used for cerebral protection, then embolism protection is provided, but the device becomes large and rigid making it cumbersome
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a flexible stent-like structure made of braided or woven wires that can conform to the aortic anatomy. This flexible construction provides the necessary embolism protection while eliminating the bulk and rigidity of traditional cannulas, allowing for easier navigation and deployment within the vascular system.
Solution Approach 2:
The stent-like filter structure is nested within a delivery catheter system, allowing the protective device to be collapsed into a compact form for delivery through catheters and then expanded at the target site. This nesting approach enables the large surface area needed for filtration to be delivered through small access points.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If blood thinners are administered for cerebral protection, then bleeding risk is reduced, but embolism complications remain unaddressed
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a physical intermediary device - the stent-like filter - that directly intercepts embolic particles in the bloodstream. This mechanical filtration approach complements or替代 pharmacological approaches, providing direct physical protection against embolism without relying on blood thinning mechanisms.
3Reliability
If a self-expanding stent-like structure is used, then embolism protection is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The stent-like structure is designed to self-expand upon deployment, utilizing the elastic memory of the braided or woven wire construction. This self-expanding mechanism eliminates the need for complex external expansion mechanisms, balloons, or manual manipulation, simplifying the overall device architecture while maintaining effective embolism protection.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively reduces embolic load to the brain by diverting particles away from cerebral arteries, ensuring safety and efficacy during cardiovascular procedures without impeding the surgical process, providing reliable cerebral protection.
Implementation Method 1
a stent-like portion formed from a plurality of braided or woven wires that can radially self-expand
Data Source
AI summary
An aortic flow diverter or filter is described that diverts particles away from the carotid vessels and right subclavian artery. The diverter includes a stent-like portion formed from a plurality of braided or woven wires that can radially self-expand. The stent-like portion is generally tubular and is fixed over the distal end of a catheter or shaft. A sheath is located over both the catheter and stent-like portion, maintaining the stent-like portion in a compressed configuration. When withdrawn proximally, the sheath releases the stent-like portion, allowing it to expand against the walls of the vessel.