Aortic Prosthesis Delivery Catheter for Controlled Beating-Heart Deployment
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing treatments for thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections, particularly in the ascending aorta, involve high-risk open heart surgery, and there is a need for a minimally invasive, catheter-based delivery system for aortic prostheses that can be safely implanted on a beating heart.
Innovation Solution
A delivery system comprising an inner tube, metal tube, and outer catheter shaft, with a self-expanding endoluminal prosthesis featuring distal and proximal locking mechanisms, allowing controlled deployment and anchoring of a stent-valve and stent-graft parts in the ascending aorta and aortic valve, facilitated by guide wires and rotating paddles for precise alignment and implantation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If open heart surgery is used to treat ascending aortic aneurysm or dissection, then complete surgical repair can be achieved, but high risks and morbidity are associated with the procedure
Solution Approach 1:
The prosthesis is divided into multiple functional segments: a stent-graft portion for anchoring in the ascending aorta, a valve portion for replacing the aortic valve, and connecting elements. This segmentation allows each component to be optimized for its specific function while enabling minimally invasive delivery through catheter-based implantation, avoiding the need for complex open heart surgery
Solution Approach 2:
The prosthesis is delivered in a compressed state within a delivery catheter system. The stent-graft and valve components are nested within the catheter shaft, allowing the entire assembly to be introduced through a peripheral vessel and deployed in situ, thereby reducing surgical complexity and patient risk
2Ease of operation
If a catheter-based delivery system is used for prosthesis implantation, then minimally invasive procedure is achieved, but controlled deployment and anchoring become more difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The delivery system incorporates dynamic control mechanisms including expandable balloons for staged deployment, adjustable locking mechanisms for secure anchoring, and steerable catheter tips for precise positioning. These dynamic features enable controlled implantation through a minimally invasive approach, balancing ease of operation with deployment precision
Solution Approach 2:
The delivery catheter acts as an intermediary device that facilitates the introduction and deployment of the prosthesis. The catheter system includes intermediate components such as guide wires, deployment balloons, and locking mechanisms that mediate between the operator's control and the prosthesis implantation, simplifying the overall procedure while maintaining precision
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables safe and effective minimally invasive implantation of aortic prostheses on a beating heart, reducing morbidity and mortality risks associated with open heart surgery.
Implementation Method 1
a self-expanding endoluminal prosthesis, which is radially compressed on the metal tube
Data Source
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AI summary
The subject of the invention is a delivery system for delivering a self-expanding endoluminal prosthesis to the patient's ascending aorta and aortic valve, the system comprising: - an inner tube (33), extending along a longitudinal Y axis of the delivery system (100), from an atraumatic distal tip (27) to a handle (37); - a metal tube (32), slide-fitted on the inner tube (33), and extending from the internal space of the distal tip (27) to a handle (37); - an outer tubular catheter shaft (22) slide-fitted on the metal tube (32), the catheter shaft (22) is brought out from the handle (37) and is terminated by a capsule (20), containing inside the radially compressed on the metal tube (32), self-expanding endoluminal prosthesis (1) having defined construction and covered at least partially by a coating (16), - the capsule (20) has closed position when is closed by the tip (27) and has open position when the capsule (20) and the tip (27) are displaced relative to each other; wherein the distal part of the metal tube (32) is equipped with receiving means (41, 42) on which the distal locking means (7) of prosthesis (1) are removably embedded and blocked in the inner space of the tip (27) and the delivery system (100) comprises also removable holding means (45, 45') retaining the proximal locking means (9) of the prosthesis (1), so that when the capsule (20) is in its fully open position, the prosthesis (1) is still maintained partially compressed, holding its crimping length.