APOBEC3A Vector Intratumoral Electroporation for Solid Tumor Treatment
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current cancer treatments are inadequate in effectively targeting and eliminating solid tumors, as they often result in significant side effects and limited immune response, particularly in the case of solid cancers where chemotherapy can be toxic and inefficient.
Innovation Solution
The use of APOBEC3A encoding vectors, delivered intratumorally via electroporation, to induce DNA damage response and apoptosis in tumor cells, thereby triggering immunogenic cell death and stimulating the immune system to target cancer cells.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional chemotherapy is used to treat solid tumors, then tumor cells are killed, but significant side effects and toxicity occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by delivering the APOBEC3A encoding vector directly into the tumor tissue through intratumoral injection, ensuring that the therapeutic effect is concentrated at the tumor site while minimizing exposure and toxicity to healthy tissues. This localized delivery approach resolves the contradiction between effective tumor cell elimination and reduction of systemic toxicity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses an APOBEC3A encoding vector as an intermediary to induce DNA damage and immune response in tumor cells. Instead of using direct chemotherapy agents that cause systemic toxicity, the vector serves as a mediator that locally triggers cellular apoptosis and immune recognition, thereby eliminating tumor cells while avoiding the harmful side effects of conventional chemotherapy.
2Productivity
If conventional chemotherapy is used to treat solid tumors, then some tumor cells are killed, but the treatment is inefficient for solid cancers
Solution Approach 1:
The patent converts the potential harm of DNA damage into a beneficial therapeutic effect by using APOBEC3A-induced DNA mutations and double-strand breaks to trigger apoptotic cell death and immunogenic cell death in tumor cells. This approach transforms the harmful DNA damage mechanism into a reliable and efficient treatment for solid tumors, resolving the contradiction between treatment efficiency and effectiveness.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs periodic action through repeated intratumoral injections of the APOBEC3A encoding vector at scheduled intervals. This periodic delivery ensures sustained therapeutic pressure on the tumor, maintaining high treatment efficiency while allowing time for immune response development and vector distribution, thereby improving both productivity and reliability of the treatment.
3Reliability
If APOBEC3A encoding vector is delivered intratumorally via electroporation, then tumor growth is significantly inhibited and immune response is stimulated, but the delivery method becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges two delivery approaches by combining intratumoral injection with electroporation. The injection delivers the APOBEC3A encoding vector into the tumor tissue, and electroporation is applied to enhance cellular uptake and expression. This merged approach achieves reliable tumor growth inhibition and immune stimulation while using a relatively simple combination of techniques that can be implemented with existing clinical equipment.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach significantly inhibits tumor growth, induces tumor cell death, and prolongs survival in preclinical models by eliciting a potent immune response against cancer cells with minimal toxicity, offering a more targeted and effective treatment compared to conventional chemotherapy.
Implementation Method 1
APOBEC3A is a particular deaminase which acts by equally efficient deamination of cytosine and 5-methylcytosine to uracil and methyluracil (thymidine) in single-stranded DNA (ssDNA)
Implementation Method 2
the nucleic acid is intended for administration by electroporation
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to the use of a nucleic acid that comprises a sequence encoding an APOBEC3A protein, in preventing or treating a tumor in a patient.