Apodization Range-Velocity Map for JCAS Sidelobe Suppression
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing joint communication and sensing (JCAS) technologies face challenges in accurately detecting targets in environments with non-uniform resource distribution, leading to obscured peak detection due to sidelobes.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of an apodization range-velocity map, generated by computing an element-wise minimum of optimized windowed range-velocity maps, improves target range and velocity estimation by suppressing sidelobes and enhancing peak detection accuracy.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If standard range-velocity mapping is used in JCAS systems, then target detection is performed, but sidelobes obscure peak detection in non-uniform resource distribution environments
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an apodization window as an intermediary element between the signal processing steps. This window function acts as a mediator that modifies the range-velocity map computation to suppress sidelobes while preserving main lobe integrity, thereby improving peak detection accuracy without losing target detection capability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the processing parameters by applying different apodization windows (e.g., Hann, Hamming, Blackman) to the signal before range-velocity mapping. This parameter modification transforms the spectral characteristics of the signal, reducing sidelobe levels and enhancing the visibility of true targets in the range-velocity map
2Productivity
If JCAS uses OFDM waveforms for both communication and sensing, then spectrum efficiency is improved, but sensing accuracy deteriorates in non-uniform resource distribution
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the OFDM resource grid into different regions and applies selective apodization weighting to different segments. This segmentation allows the system to maintain communication efficiency in certain resource regions while enhancing sensing accuracy in others by applying appropriate window functions to specific time-frequency segments
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality optimization by using position-dependent apodization windows that adapt to the specific characteristics of different resource distribution patterns. The window function parameters are adjusted locally based on the resource allocation pattern, providing optimized sensing performance for each specific non-uniform distribution scenario
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach significantly improves the accuracy of target range and velocity estimation, even in environments with non-uniform resource distribution, by effectively reducing sidelobe interference and enhancing peak detection precision.
Implementation Method 1
JCAS integrates radio sensing into user equipment (UE) to sense static and moving objects in an environment surrounding the UE, using for example 5G New Radio (NR) or 6G waveforms
Implementation Method 2
an infrared laser on the UE is used like a light source to excite the vibrational or electron state of a molecule. The spectra of the reflected laser is analyzed by a processor of the UE to identify transition energies and therefore identify the molecule
Implementation Method 3
an infrared laser on the UE is used like a light source to excite the vibrational or electron state of a molecule
Data Source
AI summary
Embodiments are disclosed for joint communication and sensing (JCAS) applications with user equipment (UE) including collision alert detection, user vital signs detection, active autofocus in low-light conditions for camera applications and infrared spectroscopy to detect and identify components of a sample of material. Also disclosed is the use of an apodization range-velocity map to improve detection of targets.