Application-Aware Hardware Power Management Beyond Generic DVFS

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing energy management techniques, such as dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS), are agnostic to application-level usage scenarios, resulting in less effective power management due to the lack of application state information.

Innovation Solution

A method and system that utilize application state information to dynamically adjust hardware settings, such as voltage, frequency, and bandwidth, through a central or pseudo-central module separate from the application, to reduce energy consumption.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Use of energy by moving object

If general-purpose system techniques like DVFS are used to regulate power consumption, then power management is implemented at the system level, but application-level usage scenarios are not considered resulting in inferior energy efficiency

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy efficiencyVSAvoidapplication-state awareness
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

An intermediary layer (power management module or operating system layer) is introduced between the application and the hardware to translate application-state information into appropriate power management actions. This intermediary receives state information from applications, determines suitable actions based on predefined policies, and executes hardware-level power management, thereby enabling application-aware power optimization without requiring direct application-hardware coupling.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

A feedback mechanism is established where applications provide state information to the power management module, which then adjusts hardware parameters and monitors the effects. This closed-loop feedback enables continuous optimization of energy efficiency based on actual application behavior and system state, allowing the system to adapt dynamically to changing usage scenarios.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Loss of energy

If application state information is integrated into power management, then energy savings are increased, but system complexity increases due to additional communication layers

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy savingsVSAvoidsystem architecture complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The power management module is designed to handle multiple functions: receiving state information from various applications, determining appropriate power management actions, executing hardware control, and monitoring results. This multi-functional design consolidates complexity into a single versatile component rather than requiring separate mechanisms for each function, thereby limiting overall system complexity while enabling comprehensive application-aware power management.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

Applications are equipped with the capability to self-report their state information to the power management module through standardized interfaces. This self-service approach eliminates the need for complex monitoring mechanisms within the power management system, as applications autonomously provide the necessary information, thereby reducing system complexity while enabling energy savings.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Use of energy by stationary object

If hardware parameters are dynamically adjusted based on application state, then energy consumption is reduced, but control precision requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvehardware energy consumptionVSAvoidstate information accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by stationary objectVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The system implements partial action by adjusting only the most critical hardware parameters (such as CPU frequency and voltage) based on application state, rather than attempting to optimize all hardware aspects simultaneously. This selective approach reduces the precision requirements for state information while still achieving significant energy savings, balancing the trade-off between energy reduction and measurement precision requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Data Source

PatentEP4246324B1Apparatus and method for reducing an energy consumption of hardware based on an application state
Publication Date: 2025.07.30 HUAWEI TECH CO LTD
  • EP4246324B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4246324B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4246324B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An apparatus, method, and computer-readable media are provided for reducing an energy consumption of hardware on which an application is running. In use, a call is received from an application via an application program interface. Such call indicates a state of the application. Further, an action is determined, based on the call. The action is for reducing an energy consumption of hardware on which the application is running. The method continues by executing the action for reducing the energy consumption of the hardware on which the application is running.