AR Glass Lens Conductive Layer Segmentation for Antenna Coupling
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Solution Overview
Problem
The coupling between antennas and conductive layers in augmented reality (AR) glass lenses, particularly active dimming layers, leads to degradation of antenna performance and efficiency due to the low conductivity of transparent conductive oxides (TCOs) that absorb antenna radiation.
Innovation Solution
Methods such as increasing the distance between the conductive material and antennas, rerouting antennas, enhancing surface resistance of the conductive layer, and cutting microscopic slits into the conductive layer are employed to reduce coupling and improve antenna efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Illumination intensity
If conductive material is used in the lens for active dimming, then light control capability is improved, but antenna performance deteriorates due to coupling and power dissipation
Solution Approach 1:
The conductive layer is segmented by cutting slits that divide the continuous conductive material into isolated regions. This segmentation prevents current flow across the entire lens surface, reducing power dissipation and coupling with the antenna while preserving local dimming functionality in each segment.
Solution Approach 2:
The conductive material properties are made non-uniform by introducing slits at specific locations and orientations. The local quality of the conductive layer varies across the lens surface, allowing optimal balance between dimming performance in covered regions and antenna performance in slit regions.
2Adaptability or versatility
If conductive material covers the lens, then active dimming function is achieved, but antenna efficiency decreases due to power dissipation in the conductive layer
Solution Approach 1:
The continuous conductive layer is divided into isolated segments by slits, preventing current flow paths that would cause power dissipation. The segmentation maintains the active dimming function within each segment while eliminating the harmful current flow across the entire lens.
Solution Approach 2:
The surface resistance of the conductive layer is effectively increased by introducing slits, which changes the electrical parameters of the material. This parameter change reduces power dissipation while maintaining sufficient conductivity for active dimming operation.
3Volume of moving object
If antenna is placed close to the lens, then device compactness is improved, but coupling between antenna and conductive layer increases
Solution Approach 1:
By segmenting the conductive layer with slits, the effective coupling area between the antenna and conductive material is reduced. This allows the antenna to be placed closer to the lens while maintaining efficiency, as the slits interrupt the coupling paths.
Solution Approach 2:
The slits act as intermediary elements between the antenna and the conductive layer, mediating the interaction by blocking direct coupling paths while allowing the antenna to remain in close proximity to the lens for compactness.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
These methods effectively minimize antenna efficiency degradation by reducing current flow and power dissipation, thereby enhancing the performance of antennas in AR glasses.
Implementation Method 1
the low conductivity of transparent conductive oxides (TCOs) that absorb antenna radiation
Implementation Method 2
enhancing surface resistance of the conductive layer... cutting microscopic slits into the conductive layer... increasing a surface resistance of the conductive material
Data Source
Figure 1~2A
Figure 2B
Figure 3~4
AI summary
The disclosed system may include a support structure, a lens mounted to the support structure, where the lens includes at least one conductive layer that includes conductive material, and an antenna disposed on the support structure within a specified maximum distance from the lens. Various characteristics of the lens or the antenna may be modified to reduce coupling between the antenna and the layer of conductive material in the lens. Various other wearable devices, apparatuses, and methods of manufacturing are also disclosed.