Augmented Reality Surgical Navigation for Brain Shift Compensation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Craniotomy operations face challenges due to brain shift during surgery, causing inaccuracies in preoperative nuclear magnetic resonance images used for surgical navigation, which complicates the surgical procedure.
Innovation Solution
An augmented reality-assisted method is employed, utilizing a position sensing element to obtain skull and intracranial space information, constructing a three-dimensional graphic, and adjusting its position and orientation in real-time based on displacement and rotation parameters to align with the actual brain features post-craniotomy, ensuring accurate image calibration and display.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If preoperative nuclear magnetic resonance images are used for surgical navigation, then surgical guidance is provided, but image accuracy deteriorates due to brain shift during craniotomy
Solution Approach 1:
The system transitions from static preoperative images to dynamic real-time image registration. The augmented reality device continuously updates the alignment between preoperative images and actual brain structures during surgery, allowing the navigation system to adapt to brain shift dynamically rather than relying on fixed preoperative data
Solution Approach 2:
The system implements feedback by continuously comparing the position of anatomical landmarks in real-time surgical views with corresponding landmarks in preoperative images. This feedback loop enables automatic adjustment of image registration parameters to compensate for brain shift, maintaining navigation accuracy throughout the procedure
2Ease of operation
If surgical navigation system with preoperative images is used, then surgical guidance is achieved, but operation difficulty increases due to brain-shift induced mismatch
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs automatic image registration and brain shift compensation without requiring complex manual calibration procedures. The augmented reality device automatically identifies anatomical landmarks, calculates transformation parameters, and updates image alignment in real-time, eliminating the need for surgeons to manually adjust complex calibration settings during surgery
3Measurement precision
If real-time image calibration is implemented, then surgical accuracy is improved, but system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The augmented reality device serves as an intermediary between preoperative imaging systems and surgical navigation tools. It automatically performs image registration, brain shift detection, and real-time calibration adjustments, shielding surgeons from complex computational tasks while providing accurate visual guidance through the augmented reality interface
Data Source
AI summary
An augmented reality-assisted method for performing surgery comprises: disposing a position sensing element at a facial positioning point of a patient before craniotomy to obtain skull space and intracranial space information for defining a coordinate space; obtaining a brain anatomical image for constructing a three-dimensional graphic, the graphic comprising a graphic positioning point and a feature associated with a gyrus feature; defining a relative positional relationship between the graphic and the space, aligning the facial positioning point with the graphic positioning point; using a probe to obtain a spatial position of the gyrus feature after craniotomy, using the gyrus feature as a calibration reference point; generating a displacement and rotation parameter based on a coordinate difference of the feature relative to the reference point; adjusting a position and/or an angle of the graphic on a display according to the parameter, and the display displaying the calibrated three-dimensional graphic.