Arithmetic Circuit Serialization Using Redundant Field Extraction

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current technologies face challenges in efficiently reducing the data footprint of arithmetic circuits, particularly in distributed computing environments like blockchain networks, where storage and transmission of circuits are resource-intensive.

Innovation Solution

The method involves removing redundant data fields and applying entropy coding to arithmetic circuits, generating a serialized circuit that can be losslessly decompressed, thereby reducing the data storage and transmission requirements.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Quantity of substance

If arithmetic circuits are stored in full form, then data integrity and completeness are maintained, but storage space and transmission bandwidth are excessively consumed

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata footprintVSAvoiddata completeness
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts only the essential components needed for circuit reconstruction. By identifying and removing redundant data fields (those obtainable from other fields), the system keeps only the minimal necessary data subset, achieving both compression and data integrity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies entropy coding schemes (such as Huffman coding) in advance to encode the essential data fields before storage or transmission. This preliminary compression action reduces the data footprint while maintaining the ability to perfectly reconstruct the original circuit through lossless decompression.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Quantity of substance

If arithmetic circuits are compressed using entropy coding, then data footprint is reduced, but computational overhead for encoding and decoding increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata footprintVSAvoidcompression time
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies partial compression by selectively encoding only the essential data fields rather than the entire circuit representation. This partial action approach reduces the overall computational overhead while still achieving significant data footprint reduction through targeted entropy coding on the most important components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

3Quantity of substance

If redundant data fields are removed, then storage efficiency improves, but circuit reconstruction complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestorage efficiencyVSAvoidreconstruction complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent incorporates feedback mechanisms in the reconstruction process. The decompression system uses the encoded essential fields to reconstruct the removed redundant fields through deterministic relationships, ensuring that the reconstruction process, while slightly more complex, remains systematic and reliable through feedback-based verification.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Data Source

PatentEP3776868B1Computer-implemented systems and methods for serialisation of arithmetic circuits
Publication Date: 2023.09.27 NCHAIN LICENSING AG
  • EP3776868B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3776868B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3776868B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Techniques described herein may be utilized to serialise and de-serialise arithmetic circuits that are utilized in the execution of computer programs. The arithmetic circuit may be utilized to build a Quadratic Arithmetic Problem (QAP) that is compiled into a set of cryptographic routines for a client and a prover. The client and prover may utilize a protocol to delegate execution of a program to the prover in a manner that allows the client to efficiently verify the prover correctly executed the program. The arithmetic circuit may comprise a set of symbols (e.g., arithmetic gates and values) that is compressed to produce a serialised circuit comprising a set of codes, wherein the set of symbols is derivable from the set of codes in a lossless manner. Serialisation and de-serialisation techniques may be utilized by nodes of a blockchain network.