Bullet-Resistant Armor Plate Spatial Structure
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional protective plates for special protection vehicles, such as armored cars, face material failure due to excessive local stress from constructive interference of elastic waves during dynamic loads like gunfire or accidents, leading to the need for thick, heavy unstructured plates that are inefficient in terms of weight and material usage.
Innovation Solution
A protective plate with a spatial structure featuring a regular arrangement of spherical segment elevations and depressions, designed to reflect waves at an angle deviating from 90°, reducing wave interference and allowing for thinner, lighter materials with enhanced ballistic resistance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If flat unstructured plates with large sheet thickness are used, then ballistic protection is achieved, but weight increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies spherical segment elevations and depressions to create a curved spatial structure on the protective plate. This curvature causes elastic waves to reflect at angles deviating from 90°, preventing constructive interference and reducing local material stress. The curved structure enables thinner plate thickness (5-15 mm) while maintaining ballistic protection, significantly reducing weight compared to flat plates
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces localized structural variations through spherical segment elevations and depressions distributed across the plate surface. These local structural modifications create zones with different wave reflection characteristics, preventing uniform wave interference patterns and reducing peak stresses in any single location while maintaining overall plate integrity
2Strength
If flat unstructured plates are used, then ballistic protection is provided, but material thickness must be increased to prevent failure from wave interference
Solution Approach 1:
The spherical segment elevations and depressions create a curved spatial structure that changes the reflection angle of elastic waves. This curvature ensures waves reflect at angles deviating from 90°, preventing them from traveling back through the sheet metal and causing constructive interference. Consequently, the plate can be thinner (5-15 mm) while still preventing projectile penetration
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from a two-dimensional flat plate to a three-dimensional structured plate with spherical segment elevations and depressions. This dimensional change introduces a new spatial dimension for wave interaction, allowing waves to be reflected at controlled angles and preventing them from traversing the thickness multiple times, thereby enabling reduced thickness
3Weight of stationary object
If structured plates with spherical segment elevations are used, then weight is reduced, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The spherical segment elevations and depressions are designed with specific geometric parameters (radii R1 and R2, depth proportions) that can be directly formed using conventional press hardening or cold forming tools. The standardized spherical geometry simplifies tool design and manufacturing while achieving the desired wave reflection characteristics and weight reduction
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The structured plate achieves significant weight savings while maintaining or exceeding the ballistic resistance of thicker unstructured plates, with potential reductions in sheet thickness of up to 3 mm, leading to improved component rigidity and reduced material stress under impact loads.
Implementation Method 1
reflects waves introduced in the material of the protective plate at an angle deviating from 90° within the material of the protective plate
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2~4
AI summary
The invention relates to a protective plate, in particular for special protection vehicles, wherein the protective plate (1) is made of bullet-resistant armor steel, wherein the protective plate (1) has a spatial structure (2) and this structure consists of a regular arrangement of raised areas (3) extending in the X and Y directions on a front surface of the protective plate (1) and recesses (4) arranged between and adjacent to these raised areas, and wherein the protective plate (1) is formed over the entire sheet thickness (b1) in the area of its structure (2). (Figure 4)