Aromatics-Rich Fraction Oil Processing via Solvent Deasphalting and Segmented Hydrogenation
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Solution Overview
Problem
The processing of aromatics-rich fraction oils is limited by the high content of asphaltene and metals, which shortens the operation period of residual oil hydrogenation and reduces the yield of propylene, while also making the transportation and utilization of deoiled asphalt difficult.
Innovation Solution
A process involving hydrosaturation, fractionation, and hydrogenation of aromatics-rich fraction oils, using a mineral-rich precursor material and hydrogenation catalyst, to produce gasoline, diesel, and low sulfur petroleum coke or ship fuel, even at lower hydrogen partial pressures and higher space velocities.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If residual oil hydrogenation on fixed bed is used, then product quality is good and process is mature, but operation period is limited due to high content of asphaltene and metals
Solution Approach 1:
The process segments the residual oil treatment into two distinct stages: first, solvent deasphalting to separate and remove asphaltenes and metals; second, hydrogenation of the deasphalted oil. This segmentation allows the hydrogenation unit to operate on cleaner feedstock, extending the operation period while maintaining product quality.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention extracts and removes the harmful components (asphaltenes and metals) from the residual oil through solvent deasphalting before hydrogenation. By taking out these problematic substances, the hydrogenation process can proceed with extended operation periods without catalyst poisoning or excessive fouling.
2Duration of action of moving object
If solvent deasphalting is used to remove asphaltene and metals, then operation period is prolonged, but deoiled asphalt has high softening point making transportation and utilization difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the temperature parameter during deasphalting and subsequent handling to keep the deoiled asphalt in a manageable state. By controlling temperature parameters, the high softening point material can be transported and utilized more easily, potentially by maintaining it above its softening point during transport or by modifying its physical state through heating.
3Productivity
If hydrogenation is performed at lower hydrogen partial pressures and higher space velocities, then productivity increases, but hydrotreating results deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The solvent deasphalting step is performed as a preliminary action before hydrogenation. By removing asphaltenes and metals in advance, the subsequent hydrogenation process requires less severe conditions (lower hydrogen partial pressure, higher space velocity) to achieve the same hydrotreating results, thus improving productivity without sacrificing quality.
Solution Approach 2:
The deasphalted oil acts as an intermediary between the crude residual oil and the hydrogenation process. This intermediate material has removed the problematic components, allowing the hydrogenation to proceed more efficiently under milder conditions that maintain both high productivity and good hydrotreating results.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This process achieves better hydrotreating results and extends the stable operation period of the apparatus, efficiently converting heavy oil and producing high-quality fuels and petrochemical raw materials.
Implementation Method 1
the mineral-rich precursor material is a material capable of adsorbing at least one metal selected from V, Ni, Fe, Ca and Mg
Implementation Method 2
fractionating a liquid-phase product from the first reaction unit to provide a second light component and a second heavy component
Data Source
AI summary
Described are a process and a system for processing aromatics-rich fraction oil. The process includes: (1) introducing an aromatics-rich fraction oil into a fifth reaction unit for hydrosaturation, followed by fractionation, to provide a first light component and a first heavy component; (2) introducing a deoiled asphalt and an aromatics-comprising stream including the first heavy component into a hydrogen dissolving unit to be mixed with hydrogen, and introducing the mixed material into a first reaction unit for a hydrogenation reaction; (3) fractionating a liquid-phase product from the first reaction unit to provide a second light component and a second heavy component; (41) introducing the second light component into a second reaction unit for reaction; and (42) introducing the second heavy component into a delayed coking unit for reaction; or using the second heavy component as a component of low sulfur ship fuel oil.