ARQ-Based Wireless Security Using Null-Space Independent Artificial Noise
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing encryption-based methods for secure wireless communication face challenges in large-scale heterogeneous networks, resource-intensive key management, vulnerability to quantum computers, and delays in applications like autonomous driving and remote surgery, where keyless physical layer security is difficult to achieve, especially when the channel between the legitimate parties is not inherently better than that of the eavesdropper.
Innovation Solution
A joint PHY/MAC security method using ARQ mechanism with null-space-independent Artificial Noise (AN) that exploits receiver structure of MRC, adding AN based on service quality requirements and channel conditions to protect against eavesdropping, ensuring security without relying on complex transceiver architectures or additional processing, and allowing for cancellation of AN at the intended receiver.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If encryption-based methods are used for secure wireless communication, then confidentiality is improved, but key management complexity and resource consumption increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the security function from the traditional encryption layer down to the physical layer. By utilizing inherent physical channel characteristics (path loss, noise, interference) directly for security purposes, it eliminates the need for complex key management systems while maintaining confidentiality through physical layer security mechanisms
2Reliability
If key length is increased to enhance security, then confidentiality is improved, but resource loss and implementation impracticability increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the fundamental parameter of security from cryptographic key strength to physical channel characteristics. By leveraging naturally occurring physical phenomena (noise, interference, path loss variations) as the security basis, it achieves strong confidentiality without increasing data transmission resources or energy consumption
3Reliability
If encryption-based security is implemented, then confidentiality is improved, but communication delay increases in tactile applications
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical/crypto-processing system with a physical-layer processing system. By implementing security functions through physical signal processing (exploiting channel characteristics directly in the signal domain) rather than cryptographic algorithms, it dramatically reduces processing time and communication delay for security operations
4Object-affected harmful factors
If PHY security methods use artificial noise, then eavesdropper performance is deteriorated, but receiver complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies artificial noise with different local qualities at different locations: at the eavesdropper's location, the noise creates harmful interference that degrades reception, while at the legitimate receiver's location, the same noise is canceled out through knowledge of the channel characteristics, thus protecting against eavesdropping without affecting legitimate communication
Data Source
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AI summary
A secure system and method for providing both confidentiality against eavesdropping and authentication against impersonation (spoofing) attacks for advanced wireless communication systems are disclosed. The method exploits Automatic-repeat- request (ARQ) as a MAC layer mechanism and artificial noise (AN) as a physical layer (PHY) mechanism along with the help of maximal ratio combining (MRC) to achieve secrecy. A special artificial noise, which does not require class space in the channel, is basically designed and added to the data package based on the service quality (QoS) requirements and the channel condition between legitimate parties. Basically, a special AN, which does not require null-space in the channel, is designed based on the quality of service (QoS) requirements and the channel condition between the legitimate parties and injected to the data packet. If the same packet is requested by the legitimate receiver (Bob), an AN cancelling signal is properly designed and added to the next packet. Then, an AN -free packet is obtained by using MRC process at Bob, while deteriorating the eavesdropper`s performance.