Base Station Array Antenna Beam Pattern Formation
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Solution Overview
Problem
In wireless communication systems, fading caused by multipath interference significantly impairs high-speed data communication by distorting signal amplitude and phase, and existing antenna systems struggle to maximize link gain and minimize signal loss, especially in mobile communication environments.
Innovation Solution
An array antenna system is designed with horizontal- and vertical-beam-radiation-pattern-forming modules that divide, phase-shift, and combine signals to form specific radiation patterns, minimizing internal signal loss and optimizing link gain through hardware and software integration, including MIMO schemes like 2T2R and 4T4R, and using low-noise amplifiers to enhance signal amplification.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional antenna systems are used, then hardware simplicity is maintained, but link gain is not maximized and signal loss is not minimized
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna system is segmented into multiple independent beam radiation pattern forming modules, each handling specific signal beams. This segmentation allows independent optimization of each module while collectively achieving maximum link gain through MIMO schemes (2T2R, 2T4R, 4T4R configurations), resolving the contradiction between hardware complexity and link gain maximization
Solution Approach 2:
The invention transitions from conventional two-dimensional antenna arrangements to three-dimensional beam radiation patterns by forming both horizontal and vertical beam patterns simultaneously. This dimensional expansion enables spatial diversity and multiplexing, maximizing link gain through hardware structures that exploit three-dimensional space
2Loss of energy
If signal processing is performed without beam pattern formation, then device complexity is reduced, but signal loss in lines is not minimized
Solution Approach 1:
Beam radiation patterns are formed in advance before signal transmission through the antenna lines. By pre-forming horizontal and vertical beam patterns at the signal processing stage, the system minimizes signal loss in transmission lines by ensuring optimal signal distribution is established before physical transmission occurs
Solution Approach 2:
The invention replaces physical signal routing adjustments with electronic beam pattern formation. Instead of mechanically adjusting signal paths to minimize loss, the system uses electronic signal processing to form optimized beam patterns, substituting mechanical adjustments with electronic control
Data Source
AI summary
An array antenna system in a BS has a horizontal-beam-radiation-pattern-forming module for receiving/outputting a plurality of transmission/reception signals from/to a BTS via the input/output ports at the one end of the horizontal-beam-radiation-pattern-former, and receiving/outputting a plurality of transmission/reception signals from/to a plurality of antennas via the input/output ports at the other end of the horizontal-beam-radiation-pattern-former, and a plurality of vertical-beam-radiation-pattern-forming modules installed on the plurality of antennas, respectively, to form a vertical beam radiation pattern for the transmission/reception signals, each for receiving a transmission signal from the horizontal-beam-radiation-pattern-forming module, dividing the transmission signal, providing the divided signal to antenna elements, filtering and amplifying signals received from the antenna elements according to a predetermined reception band, combining the amplified signals, and providing the combined signal to the horizontal-beam-radiation-pattern-forming module.