Array Panel Via-Hole Configuration for Aperture Ratio
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional array panels have a reduced aperture ratio due to source/drain metal layers occupying pixel area, limiting light utilization and display brightness.
Innovation Solution
The array panel design includes specific via-hole configurations with inverted trapezoidal cross-sections and overlapping structures to reduce the pixel area occupied by source/drain metal layers, improving the aperture ratio and display effect.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If source/drain metal layers are disposed on the island-like bridge region of the middle of pixels, then electrical connection is achieved, but the aperture ratio of the pixel is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a multi-layer via-hole structure (first via-hole through gate insulating layer, second via-hole through planarization layer, third via-hole through passivation layer) to achieve electrical connection in the vertical dimension rather than occupying horizontal pixel area. This dimensional transition allows the source/drain metal layers to connect through stacked via-holes, reducing their footprint on the pixel plane and thereby improving aperture ratio while maintaining reliable electrical connection.
2Area of stationary object
If aperture ratio is reduced, then more pixel area is available for active elements, but light utilization rate is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies different structural configurations to different regions of the pixel. The via-holes are strategically positioned and dimensioned (with specific depth relationships where third via-hole depth > first via-hole depth) to optimize local electrical connection while minimizing impact on overall light transmission. The light-shielding layer is selectively disposed along the gate signal wire arrangement direction, providing localized shielding where needed while preserving light utilization in active pixel regions.
3Device complexity
If aperture ratio is reduced, then pixel structure complexity is managed, but display brightness becomes insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the electrical connection path into multiple discrete via-holes (first, second, and third via-holes) distributed across different insulating layers. This segmentation allows each via-hole to be optimized independently for its specific function while collectively achieving the overall electrical connection. The segmented structure reduces the concentrated area occupation compared to a single large connection region, thereby improving aperture ratio and display brightness while managing structural complexity through modular design.
Data Source
AI summary
An array panel includes at least: a first via-hole disposed on a surface of the interlayer insulating layer; a second via-hole disposed on a surface of the planarization layer; a third via-hole disposed on a surface of the passivation layer; a pixel electrode layer; a light-shielding layer; wherein the third via-hole partially overlaps the first via-hole or an interconnect formed by connecting both ends of the active layer on the first via-hole is parallel to an arrangement direction of the gate signal wire.