Array Substrate Black Matrix Layout for High-Contrast 8K Displays
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Solution Overview
Problem
High-resolution display panels face challenges in achieving high contrast while maintaining desired transmittance due to low aperture ratio and small pixel size, particularly with 8K resolution displays.
Innovation Solution
The array substrate design includes a base plate with gate and data lines intersecting to form pixel units, each with a display electrode comprising main and branch chain electrodes, and a black matrix layer with openings and light shielding portions that cover the electrodes and lines, improving light shielding and transmittance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If pixel density is increased to achieve higher resolution, then resolution is improved, but aperture ratio decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The display electrode is segmented into a main chain electrode and multiple branch chain electrodes. This segmentation allows the electrode structure to cover more area within each pixel unit, thereby improving the aperture ratio without increasing pixel density, thus maintaining high resolution while enhancing light transmittance.
Solution Approach 2:
The branch chain electrodes are nested within the pixel unit structure, with their orthogonal projections covered by openings in the black matrix layer. This nested arrangement maximizes the use of available space within each pixel, increasing the effective aperture area without compromising resolution.
2Measurement precision
If pixel size is reduced to increase pixel density, then resolution is improved, but light transmittance decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The black matrix layer is designed with local quality variations: it has openings in regions where branch chain electrodes are located (to allow light transmission) and light shielding portions in regions where gate lines, data lines, and main chain electrodes are located (to prevent light leakage). This localized differentiation optimizes light transmittance while maintaining small pixel sizes for high resolution.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a vertical dimension by stacking the black matrix layer above the pixel units, with its orthogonal projections covering specific electrode regions. This dimensional approach allows selective light management without increasing pixel area, thereby maintaining high light transmittance in small pixels.
3Use of energy by moving object
If aperture ratio is increased to improve light transmittance, then light transmittance is improved, but contrast ratio deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The black matrix layer implements local quality control by providing openings only over branch chain electrode regions and light shielding portions over gate line, data line, and main chain electrode regions. This selective coverage allows light to pass through necessary areas while blocking light in regions that would cause leakage, thereby maintaining high contrast ratio even with increased aperture ratio.
Solution Approach 2:
The black matrix layer is segmented into distinct functional regions: openings for light transmission and light shielding portions for contrast enhancement. This segmentation enables the structure to simultaneously achieve high light transmittance through openings and high contrast ratio through shielding portions, resolving the trade-off between these two parameters.
4Illumination intensity
If light shielding is increased to improve contrast, then contrast ratio is improved, but light transmittance in bright states may be affected
Solution Approach 1:
The light shielding portions are strategically positioned only in regions where gate lines, data lines, and main chain electrodes are located, while openings are provided in branch chain electrode regions. This localized shielding approach ensures that contrast ratio is improved without unnecessarily blocking light in areas where transmittance is critical, thus maintaining brightness in light states.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the potentially harmful light leakage from electrode regions into a benefit by strategically placing light shielding portions only where needed. The openings in branch chain electrode regions allow light transmission to be maximized, while the shielding portions in other regions convert what would be light leakage into enhanced contrast, thus turning a potential problem into an advantage.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances contrast by reducing light leakage in black states and maintaining brightness in white states, thereby improving display contrast and transmittance.
Implementation Method 1
a black matrix layer on a side of the pixel units distal to the base plate, wherein the black matrix layer includes a plurality of openings and a light shielding portion
Data Source
AI summary
An array substrate (10) includes: a base plate; gate lines (11), data lines (12), and pixel units, all on the base plate, wherein each pixel unit includes a display electrode (13) having at least one electrode portion (131), each electrode portion (131) includes a main chain electrode (1311) and branch chain electrodes (1312) all electrically connected to the main chain electrode (1311); and a black matrix layer (14) on a side of the pixel units distal to the base plate, wherein the black matrix layer (14) includes openings (141) and a light shielding portion (142). On the base plate, an orthogonal projection of each opening (141) covers orthogonal projections of the branch chain electrodes (1312) of one corresponding display electrode (13), and an orthogonal projection of the light shielding portion (142) covers orthogonal projections of the gate lines (11), the data lines (12) and the main chain electrode (1311).