Array Substrate Gate Line Segmentation for Display Light Leakage
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Solution Overview
Problem
Liquid crystal display devices face issues with light leakage in the dark state, low contrast ratio, and color unevenness due to the alignment errors and differences in shielding effects of gate lines and black matrix units, leading to rainbow patterns and black-white stripe defects.
Innovation Solution
The array substrate design includes gate lines and data lines that intersect to form light control pixel units, with common electrodes arranged in an array, and a black matrix layer with varying widths to minimize light leakage and color unevenness by adjusting the overlap and alignment of these components.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If gate lines and black matrix units are arranged in conventional configurations, then the display structure is simple, but light leakage occurs in the dark state leading to low contrast ratio
Solution Approach 1:
The gate line is divided into multiple segments (first gate line segment, second gate line segment, third gate line segment) that are spatially separated. This segmentation allows each segment to be positioned at different locations relative to the black matrix unit, enabling optimized light shielding while maintaining electrical connectivity through the insulation layer, thereby reducing light leakage without excessive structural complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The gate line structure is extended into the third dimension by forming it at different heights or layers. The first gate line segment is positioned higher than the second gate line segment, creating a multi-level configuration that provides better light blocking from above while the lower segment maintains connectivity and provides additional shielding, thus improving contrast ratio
2Reliability
If gate lines are positioned to maximize light shielding, then light leakage is reduced, but alignment errors cause rainbow patterns and black-white stripe defects
Solution Approach 1:
Different segments of the gate line are positioned at different locations and heights to provide localized light shielding at critical areas. The first gate line segment is positioned higher and at a different horizontal location compared to the second segment, allowing each segment to address specific light leakage paths while being tolerant to alignment variations, thus suppressing light leakage without being overly sensitive to alignment errors
Solution Approach 2:
The insulation layer is designed with sufficient thickness to maintain electrical isolation even when gate line segments are positioned at different heights. This beforehand design cushioning against alignment errors ensures that voltage differences between segments do not cause discharge or interference, allowing aggressive light shielding positioning without compromising electrical stability or causing rainbow patterns
3Reliability
If common electrodes are added to light control pixel units, then light transmissivity is controlled, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The common electrode structure is designed to serve multiple functions: it provides the necessary voltage for light control in the light control pixel unit, acts as an additional light shielding element when positioned strategically, and maintains electrical isolation from adjacent structures through the insulation layer. This multi-functionality justifies the added structural complexity by delivering multiple performance benefits from a single component
Solution Approach 2:
The common electrode is integrated with the gate line structure by positioning it adjacent to and electrically connected with the gate line segments through the insulation layer. This merging of functions allows the common electrode to leverage the existing gate line voltage distribution and structural framework, reducing the need for separate independent electrode structures and simplifying the overall device architecture
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design effectively suppresses light leakage and rainbow patterns, improving the contrast ratio and uniformity of the display by controlling light transmissivity and reducing the impact of alignment errors on the display screen.
Implementation Method 1
The liquid crystal display device deflects the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal molecular layer by forming an electric field between the array substrate and the opposite substrate
Implementation Method 2
the deflected liquid crystal molecules can form a liquid crystal light valve by cooperating with the polarizer
Data Source
AI summary
An array substrate, a light control panel, and a display device are disclosed. The array substrate includes a data line layer, a base substrate, a first electrode layer, and a second electrode layer. The first electrode layer includes gate lines, each gate line integrally extends along a first direction, and includes first broken line structures directly connected in sequence in the first direction; the data line layer includes data lines, each data line integrally extends along a second direction; the gate lines and the data lines cross each other to define light control pixel units; the second electrode layer includes common electrodes, each common electrode is provided in at least one light control pixel unit; and at least one gate line at least partially overlaps with an orthographic projection of at least one common electrode on the first electrode layer.