Array Substrate Light-Shielding Layer for Display Contrast
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Solution Overview
Problem
In-plane switching liquid crystal display devices, such as those using the Advanced Super Dimension Switch (ADS) mode, suffer from light leakage issues due to disordered alignment of liquid crystal molecules caused by scratches in the alignment film, leading to 'blue spot' or 'red/green spot' phenomena, which current manufacturing control methods fail to fundamentally address.
Innovation Solution
An array substrate with a light-shielding layer disposed in an annular region at the edge of the active display area, featuring a reflecting surface, which blocks backlight and reflects ambient light to prevent light leakage and enhance contrast ratio.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a light-shielding layer is added to block light leakage, then the contrast ratio is improved, but the aperture ratio decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The light-shielding layer is strategically positioned only in the annular region at the periphery of the active display area, rather than covering the entire display area. This localized approach blocks light leakage at the edges where it occurs most frequently (causing blue spot phenomena) while preserving the aperture ratio of the central display region.
Solution Approach 2:
The display area is segmented into a central active display region and a peripheral annular region. The light-shielding layer is applied only to the annular region, creating a functional segmentation that addresses light leakage issues without affecting the main display area's optical properties.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If the annular region width is increased to improve light shielding effect, then light leakage is reduced, but the aperture ratio decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The annular region width is optimized to provide sufficient light shielding effect without being excessively wide. The patent specifies a width range of 5-50 μm, which is enough to block light leakage at the edges while minimizing the impact on the overall aperture ratio.
Solution Approach 2:
The width of the annular region is carefully controlled within a specific parameter range (5-50 μm) to achieve the optimal balance between light shielding effectiveness and aperture ratio maintenance.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If the light-shielding layer is positioned closer to the display electrode, then light leakage prevention is improved, but the risk of electrical interference increases
Solution Approach 1:
A transparent insulating layer is introduced as an intermediary between the light-shielding layer and the display electrode. This insulating layer prevents direct electrical contact and potential interference while allowing the light-shielding layer to remain positioned close to the display electrode for effective light leakage prevention.
4Reliability
If a transparent insulating layer is added between the display electrode and light-shielding layer, then electrical interference is prevented, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The transparent insulating layer serves multiple functions simultaneously: it prevents electrical interference between the display electrode and light-shielding layer, provides mechanical support, and maintains the structural integrity of the device. This multi-functionality reduces the need for additional separate components.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The light-shielding layer effectively reduces the occurrence of 'blue spot' phenomena, increases contrast ratio, and improves display brightness by utilizing ambient light, while maintaining a high aperture ratio and energy efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
the light-shielding layer blocks backlight
Implementation Method 2
a surface of the light-shielding layer away from the base substrate is a reflecting surface. The light-shielding layer... reflects ambient light
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure provides an array substrate and a display device. The array substrate includes: a base substrate; and a plurality of pixel units disposed on the base substrate; each of the pixel units includes an active display region, the active display region of at least one of the pixel units is provided with a light-shielding layer, the light-shielding layer is located at an edge of the active display region, and a surface of a side of the light-shielding layer away from the base substrate is a reflecting surface. The light-shielding layer is disposed within an annular region, the annular region has a width in a range of 20 μm-50 μm, and an outer boundary of the annular region is a boundary of the active display region.