Array Substrate Pixel Branch Layout for Uniform LCD Brightness
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Solution Overview
Problem
In large-size liquid crystal display panels, the resistance of ITO materials leads to voltage attenuation along the length of ITO slits, resulting in differences in electric fields at the near and far ends of pixels, causing uneven display brightness.
Innovation Solution
The array substrate design includes a first and second metal layer, and transparent conductive layers arranged sequentially on a substrate, with pixel electrode branches connected to different TFTs and arranged between scan lines to reduce signal attenuation and improve brightness uniformity, featuring a bridging portion to connect adjacent pixel electrode branches and simplify the preparation process.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Area of stationary object
If ITO materials are used for pixel electrodes in large-size displays, then the pixel area can be increased, but voltage attenuation occurs along the ITO slit resulting in non-uniform display brightness
Solution Approach 1:
The pixel electrode is divided into multiple segments (first pixel electrode and second pixel electrode) along the longitudinal direction. Each segment is independently connected to the common electrode, which shortens the effective ITO conduction path and reduces voltage attenuation, thereby improving brightness uniformity while maintaining large pixel area
Solution Approach 2:
A metal common electrode is introduced as an intermediary between the pixel electrode and the scan line. This metal common electrode has lower resistance than ITO and serves as an intermediate conduction path, reducing voltage attenuation along the longitudinal direction of the pixel electrode and improving brightness uniformity
2Device complexity
If a single continuous ITO pixel electrode is used, then the structure is simple, but resistance causes voltage attenuation and brightness non-uniformity
Solution Approach 1:
The pixel electrode is segmented into multiple independent parts (first and second pixel electrodes) that are insulated from each other. Each segment connects to the common electrode separately, reducing the effective resistance path and improving brightness uniformity without significantly increasing manufacturing complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The electrode system uses a composite structure combining transparent conductive materials (ITO) for pixel electrodes with metal materials for the common electrode. This composite approach leverages the transparency of ITO and the low resistance of metal to achieve both optical performance and electrical uniformity
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design effectively reduces signal attenuation and enhances the uniformity of display brightness across the panel by optimizing the arrangement of pixel electrode branches and connections, ensuring consistent color display across the panel.
Implementation Method 1
Under external electric fields, arrangement directions of liquid crystal molecules will change to different degrees, such that different grayscale brightness may be controlled by controlling the amount of light passing through the liquid crystal. Generally, when an external electric field has a certain intensity, an orientation change of liquid crystal molecules will be occurred. The orientation change of liquid crystal molecules is called a fredericksz transition.
Data Source
AI summary
Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide an array substrate and a display pane. Multiple pixel electrode branches in a corresponding one of the pixel regions are divided into a first pixel electrode branch and a second pixel electrode branch by a corresponding one of the metal common electrodes. The first pixel electrode branch and the second pixel electrode branch, which are located in the same pixel regions, are connected to different TFTs. In each pixel region, an end of the first pixel electrode branch close to a corresponding one of the scan lines is connected to a corresponding one of the TFTs, and an end of the second pixel electrode branch close to another corresponding one of the scan lines is connected to another corresponding one of the TFTs.