Array Substrate Pixel Electrode Configuration for Display Panel
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Solution Overview
Problem
Dual-domain liquid crystal display (LCD) technologies face challenges with viewing-angle-dependent color shift and poor contrast due to equal strength but opposite direction electric fields at the junction between sub-pixel domains, leading to disclination and reduced pixel opening rate, which increases energy consumption and affects voltage uniformity.
Innovation Solution
The configuration of pixel electrodes in dual-domain sub-pixels sharing a common gate line and data line reduces the number of gate lines and thin-film transistors, allowing independent driving and minimizing non-transparent metal layers, thereby increasing the pixel opening ratio and improving voltage distribution.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If dual-domain liquid crystal display technologies use equal strength but opposite direction electric fields at the junction between sub-pixel domains, then viewing angle is improved, but color shift and contrast deteriorate due to disclination
Solution Approach 1:
The pixel electrode is divided into first and second pixel electrodes that are insulated from each other, creating distinct first and second domains. This segmentation allows independent control of electric fields in each domain, enabling the liquid crystal molecules to be oriented in different directions (e.g., tilted left vs. tilted right) without causing disclination at the junction, thus maintaining both wide viewing angle and good color/contrast performance
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs asymmetric electrode configurations where the first and second pixel electrodes have different shapes, sizes, or positions relative to the common electrode. This asymmetry creates unequal strength electric fields in the first and second domains, which prevents the opposite direction electric fields that cause disclination, while still achieving dual-domain effects for wide viewing angle and accurate color display
2Manufacturing precision
If the number of gate lines and thin-film transistors is increased to improve display precision, then sub pixels can display different data signals, but the pixel opening ratio decreases and energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
Adjacent pixel units share common gate lines and data lines, reducing the total number of scanning lines and thin-film transistors required. By merging control resources across multiple pixel units while maintaining independent pixel electrode control through the first and second pixel electrodes, the patent achieves high display precision without increasing the number of metal layers, thereby preserving pixel opening ratio and reducing energy consumption
3Manufacturing precision
If more metal layers are used to control sub pixels independently, then display precision is improved, but non-transparent metal layers increase and pixel opening ratio decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The common gate lines and data lines serve multiple pixel units simultaneously, making these metal layers multi-functional. This universality reduces the total amount of metal material required while still enabling independent control of the first and second pixel electrodes through the shared control lines, thereby maintaining high display precision while reducing energy loss from fewer metal layers
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances the pixel opening ratio, reduces energy consumption, and ensures more uniform voltages across common electrodes, addressing the issues of viewing-angle-dependent color shift and disclination while maintaining high display performance.
Implementation Method 1
the pixel electrodes and the common electrodes are arranged on a same substrate, which generate electric field force in the horizontal direction to change the directional angle between the optical axis of the liquid crystal molecules and the surface in parallel with the substrate
Implementation Method 2
change the directional angle between the optical axis of the liquid crystal molecules and the surface
Data Source
Figure 1A
Figure 1B~1C
Figure 2
AI summary
An array substrate includes: a plurality of pixels (12) including sub-pixels (1) forming a matrix, each sub-pixel (1) including a pair of sub-pixel portions (1a,1b,1A,1B); a plurality of data lines (2); a plurality of gate lines (3) intersecting with the plurality of data lines (2); and a plurality of pairs of transistors (4) configured to control the plurality of pairs of sub-pixel portions (1a,1b,1A,1B); wherein: each pair of transistors (4) are disposed adjacent to an intersection between a gate line (3) and a data line (2), across at least one of the gate line (3) or the data line (2), and are configured to control a pair of sub-pixel portions (1a,1b,1A,1B) in neighboring rows or columns of sub-pixel portions (1a,1b,1A,1B).