Array Substrate With Multiple Pixel Electrodes For Wide Viewing Angle
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Solution Overview
Problem
Vertical Alignment (VA) LCDs experience color distortion at wide viewing angles due to varying liquid crystal alignments, leading to decreased transmission and intensity changes of incident light, resulting in poor display performance.
Innovation Solution
The array substrate incorporates multiple pixel electrodes and switch circuits, including thin film transistors (TFTs) with different width/length ratios, to create voltage differences between electrodes, reducing color distortion by applying distinct voltages to pixel areas and controlling the liquid crystal alignment.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a single pixel electrode structure is used in VA LCD, then the device complexity is low, but color distortion occurs at wide viewing angles due to uniform liquid crystal alignment
Solution Approach 1:
The pixel electrode is divided into two separate pixel electrodes (first pixel electrode and second pixel electrode), each controlled by independent switch circuits. This segmentation allows different voltage applications to create varied liquid crystal alignment patterns, improving viewing angle performance while managing complexity through systematic design
Solution Approach 2:
Different voltage levels are applied to different regions (first and second pixel electrodes) within the same pixel cell. This creates local variations in liquid crystal alignment that compensate for viewing angle dependencies, ensuring consistent color performance across wide viewing angles
2Reliability
If multiple pixel electrodes with different voltages are applied, then color distortion is reduced at wide viewing angles, but the device complexity increases due to additional switch circuits
Solution Approach 1:
The additional switch circuits serve multiple functions: they control voltage application to different pixel electrodes, enable independent voltage adjustment for color compensation, and maintain compatibility with existing LCD driving architectures. This multi-functionality justifies the increased complexity by delivering reliable color consistency across viewing angles
Solution Approach 2:
The switch circuits enable dynamic voltage control of the pixel electrodes during operation. By adjusting voltage levels in real-time based on viewing angle requirements, the system achieves adaptive color compensation, improving display reliability under varying observation conditions
3Illumination intensity
If uniform voltage is applied across the pixel electrode, then the switch circuit design is simple, but transmission capability decreases at large squint angles
Solution Approach 1:
Different voltage levels are applied to different pixel electrodes to optimize light transmission at various viewing angles. This local voltage differentiation compensates for the transmission loss at large squint angles by adjusting liquid crystal alignment locally, improving overall illumination intensity across the viewing cone
Solution Approach 2:
The voltage parameter is changed across different pixel electrodes rather than maintaining a uniform value. This parameter variation optimizes the liquid crystal orientation for improved light transmission at wide viewing angles, counteracting the transmission degradation that occurs with large squint angles
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances display performance by minimizing color differences at wide viewing angles, achieving reduced color shift and improved display quality.
Implementation Method 1
a width/length ratio of the discharging TFT is smaller than a predetermined value such that the voltage difference between the second pixel electrode and the common electrode is decreased
Implementation Method 2
the alignments of liquid crystal are different and thus the reflective rates of the liquid crystal are not the same, which results in intensity change of the incident light beams
Data Source
AI summary
An array substrate and a liquid crystal panel are disclosed. Each of the pixel cells of the array substrate includes at least two pixel electrodes and at least two switch circuits. The first pixel electrode connects to the corresponding scanning line and corresponding data line of the pixel cell via the first switch circuit. The second pixel electrode connects to the corresponding scanning line of the pixel cell via the second switch circuit. The second pixel electrode connects to the first switch circuit at least via the second switch circuit such that the second pixel electrode is connected to the corresponding data line of the pixel cell. In this way, the color distortion in wide viewing angle and the display performance are enhanced.