Array Substrate Multi-Domain Pixel Structure for Wide Viewing Angle
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing liquid crystal display panels have limited improvement in viewing angles, failing to meet the demands for wide viewing angles required in applications like electronic sports and virtual reality screens, due to higher birefraction differences of liquid crystal molecules at different viewing angles.
Innovation Solution
An array substrate with a pixel structure comprising a main area, a first sub-area, and a second sub-area, each driven by multiple thin film transistors and capacitors, creating distinct electrical potential differences to achieve different twisted angles for liquid crystal molecules, thereby enhancing viewing angles.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If multi-domain display modes are used to increase viewing angle, then the contrast difference at different viewing angles is reduced, but the viewing angle improvement is still limited and cannot meet the demands for ultra-wide viewing angles
Solution Approach 1:
The pixel is divided into multiple independent domains (first domain, second domain, third domain, fourth domain) with different liquid crystal twisting angles (0°, 90°, 180°, 270° respectively). Each domain is controlled by separate pixel electrodes and thin film transistors, allowing independent optimization of light modulation in different viewing directions, thereby achieving ultra-wide viewing angle coverage
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the pixel are assigned different liquid crystal twisting angles tailored to specific viewing directions. The first domain has 0° twisting for front-view optimization, while the second, third, and fourth domains have 90°, 180°, and 270° twisting respectively for side-view optimization, creating locally optimized display quality across different viewing zones
2Manufacturing precision
If the channel aspect ratio of thin film transistors is increased to improve liquid crystal alignment control, then the twisted angle precision is improved, but the transistor area increases
Solution Approach 1:
The pixel electrode is segmented into multiple independently controllable regions (first, second, third, fourth pixel electrodes), each with its own thin film transistor. This allows precise control of liquid crystal twisting angles in each domain without requiring oversized transistors, as each transistor only needs to control a specific portion of the pixel
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a new dimension of control by adding multiple gate lines (first gate line, second gate line, third gate line) that can independently control different domains. This multi-dimensional gating approach enables precise twisted angle control without increasing the channel aspect ratio of individual transistors
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution provides a display panel with wider viewing angles by ensuring liquid crystal molecules in each domain have different twisted angles, improving the display's performance beyond traditional limits.
Implementation Method 1
the birefraction difference of liquid crystal molecules at different viewing angles is higher, resulting in serious color shifting under wider viewing angles
Implementation Method 2
multi-domain display modes refer to the division of multiple areas in one sub-pixel, in which twisted angles of the liquid crystals in different areas are different
Data Source
AI summary
An array substrate and a display panel are provided. The array substrate includes a plurality of sub-pixels, and each sub-pixel includes four thin film transistors. The array substrate further includes a gate line, a data line, and a divided voltage line. In the present invention, a channel aspect ratio of second thin film transistor is greater than a channel aspect ratio of the first thin film transistor and a channel aspect ratio of third thin film transistor, and a drain of a fourth thin film transistor is electrically connected to the divided voltage line, such that the display panel has a wider viewing angle.