Arthroplasty Component Design Using CT Scan Data
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current shoulder arthroplasty systems, including glenoid and humeral components, are not optimally designed based on anatomical distribution, leading to issues such as malposition, inadequate sizing, and increased risk of complications like glenoid perforation and component overhang, particularly in patients with arthritis, where bone loss and cartilage degradation are prevalent.
Innovation Solution
A method utilizing computed tomography scan data to accurately measure and orient reference lines on the bone, allowing for the manufacturing of prosthetic components with dimensions tailored to individual patient anatomy, ensuring proper fit and stability by defining the transition zone between native and worn bone, and optimizing the design of augmented glenoid components.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If standard sized glenoid components are used, then manufacturing and inventory are simplified, but anatomical fit is compromised leading to malposition and component failure
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by offering glenoid components with varying diameters (25mm, 28mm, 31mm, 34mm) and thicknesses to match different anatomical measurements. This allows the component dimensions to be adjusted based on the patient's specific glenoid width and bone quality, thereby improving anatomical fit precision while maintaining a manageable product line.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the glenoid component into multiple size variations rather than using a single standardized size. By dividing the component range into distinct size categories corresponding to different glenoid widths, the invention enables precise matching to individual patient anatomy, resolving the contradiction between standardization and customization.
2Stability of the object's composition
If larger glenoid components are used to improve fit and stability, then prosthesis stability is enhanced, but risk of glenoid perforation and neurovascular violation increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent addresses this contradiction by providing glenoid components with varying diameters and thicknesses that can be selected based on the patient's specific anatomy. This parameter variation allows optimization of prosthesis stability while preventing glenoid perforation and neurovascular violation by choosing the appropriate size for each case.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by customizing the glenoid component dimensions to match the specific local anatomical characteristics of each patient's glenoid. This ensures that the component provides adequate stability and coverage without exceeding the boundaries of the glenoid bone, thereby preventing perforation and neurovascular injury.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If smaller glenoid components are used to avoid perforation and overhang, then safety is improved, but prosthesis stability and fit are compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent resolves this contradiction by offering multiple glenoid component sizes (25mm, 28mm, 31mm, 34mm diameters) that can be selected based on the patient's glenoid width. This allows the surgeon to choose the smallest component that still provides adequate coverage and stability, preventing both overhang and perforation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by matching the glenoid component size to the specific local anatomical measurements of each patient. This ensures optimal coverage of the glenoid surface, providing sufficient stability while preventing component overhang beyond the glenoid boundaries.
4Quantity of substance
If bone graft is used to manage bone deficiency, then bone loss is compensated, but graft resorption occurs at high rates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the need for bone grafting by providing glenoid components with augmented thickness that can directly compensate for bone loss and cortical thinning. The increased component thickness (available in various specifications) provides structural support and fills the defect space without requiring separate bone graft material, thereby eliminating the resorption problem.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent addresses bone deficiency by changing the parameter of component thickness rather than adding separate bone graft material. The glenoid components are available in increased thickness variations that directly compensate for bone loss, providing reliable structural support without the resorption issues associated with bone grafting.
5Ease of manufacture
If cortical bone is removed to create neutral surface, then implant seating is facilitated, but fixation quality is compromised due to loss of structural support
Solution Approach 1:
The patent resolves this contradiction by designing glenoid components with augmented thickness that can be seated on the existing glenoid surface without requiring extensive cortical bone removal. The increased component thickness provides adequate structural support and fixation strength while preserving the quality of the remaining cortical bone.
Data Source
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AI summary
Methods and devices are disclosed for the optimization of shoulder arthroplasty component design through the use of computed tomography scan data from arthritic shoulders.