Articulated Arm CMM 2D Camera 3D Edge Measurement
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing portable articulated arm coordinate measuring machines (AACMMs) face challenges in accurately determining three-dimensional coordinates of edge points using non-contact techniques, particularly with high accuracy and high density, without introducing errors associated with devices like laser line probes or structured light scanners.
Innovation Solution
A method and device that utilize a camera system with multiple poses to capture images, processing the data to determine three-dimensional coordinates of edge points based on the images obtained from different camera poses, and store these coordinates in memory, allowing for accurate and error-free measurements.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If non-contact measurement techniques (laser line probes or structured light scanners) are used to determine 3D coordinates of edge points, then measurement speed and coverage are improved, but measurement precision deteriorates due to introduced errors
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces contact-based mechanical probing with a hybrid approach that uses 2D camera imaging combined with articulated arm positioning. The camera captures 2D images of edge features, and through coordinate transformation based on known camera poses, 3D coordinates are calculated without physical contact. This substitution eliminates errors inherent in optical non-contact methods while maintaining measurement speed.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces 2D camera images as an intermediary between the articulated arm positioning system and the final 3D coordinate determination. Instead of directly using optical triangulation from structured light, the system captures 2D images and uses coordinate transformation as a mediator to derive accurate 3D positions, thereby avoiding the errors associated with direct optical measurement methods.
2Quantity of substance
If high density 3D coordinates are obtained using non-contact techniques, then point distribution uniformity is improved, but measurement accuracy deteriorates due to errors from laser line probes or structured light scanners
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces error-prone optical non-contact measurement systems with a hybrid system that uses 2D camera imaging and mathematical coordinate transformation. This substitution allows high-density point capture through rapid imaging while deriving accurate 3D coordinates through transformation calculations, avoiding the systematic errors inherent in laser line probe and structured light scanner technologies.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a 2D image copy of the edge features and uses coordinate transformation to map these 2D coordinates to 3D space. This copying approach allows multiple high-density points to be captured through image sampling while the transformation process preserves accuracy by relying on precisely known camera poses from the articulated arm system.
3Measurement precision
If a 2D camera system is used to determine 3D coordinates, then measurement accuracy is improved, but device complexity increases due to the need for multiple camera poses and coordinate transformations
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes the articulated arm positioning system multi-functional by enabling it to control camera poses and perform coordinate transformations in addition to its traditional probing function. This universality allows the same hardware platform to achieve both high-accuracy measurement and high-density point capture without requiring separate dedicated systems, thereby managing complexity through functional integration.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent merges the 2D camera system with the articulated arm positioning system into an integrated measurement platform. The camera is mounted on the articulated arm, and the coordinate transformation algorithms combine positioning data with image data. This merging reduces overall system complexity by eliminating the need for separate positioning and imaging systems while achieving improved measurement accuracy.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enhances the accuracy and density of three-dimensional measurements, providing enhanced uniformity in point distribution and reducing errors, while allowing for the use of structured light devices without external connections or wiring, and sharpening edges in 3D representations.
Implementation Method 1
By knowing the relationship between the imaging sensor and the laser and the position of the laser image on the sensor, triangulation methods may be used to measure three-dimensional coordinates of points on the surface.
Data Source
AI summary
A measurement device having a camera captures images of an object at three or more different poses. A processor determines 3D coordinates of an edge point of the object based at least in part on the captured 2D images and pose data provided by the measurement device.