Articulated Electromagnetic Hand Model for Wireless Device Testing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current models for evaluating the effect of the human body on wireless communication devices lack flexibility and dexterity, and are often limited to specific frequencies, making them unsuitable for testing various grip positions and frequencies.
Innovation Solution
An electromagnetic testing model hand with a skeleton made from PVC pipe fittings and fiberglass tubes, filled with a molasses and water solution to simulate the electromagnetic properties of a human hand, allowing for flexible grip configurations and adjustable frequency testing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a fixed-position model hand is used, then the electromagnetic properties are stable at a specific frequency, but the model cannot accommodate different grip positions or frequencies
Solution Approach 1:
The model hand is divided into multiple articulated segments (wrist, hand, fingers) that can move independently relative to each other. This segmentation allows the hand to assume different grip positions while maintaining electromagnetic property stability through controlled movement of individual segments rather than the entire structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The model hand transitions from a static fixed-position structure to a dynamic articulated structure with movable joints. The wrist joint allows rotation, and finger joints enable gripping motions, allowing the model to adapt to different device shapes and sizes while maintaining electromagnetic consistency through controlled dynamic positioning.
2Adaptability or versatility
If the model hand is made with fixed electromagnetic properties, then it is simple to construct, but it can only test at one frequency
Solution Approach 1:
The electromagnetic properties of the model hand are made adjustable by incorporating variable parameters such as可调 electrolyte concentration in the silicone rubber or可调 dielectric materials. This allows the model to simulate different human hand electromagnetic characteristics at various frequencies without requiring complete reconstruction of the model.
Solution Approach 2:
The model hand uses composite materials with tunable electromagnetic properties, such as carbon-black-loaded silicone rubber with adjustable filler concentrations or multi-layer dielectric structures. These composite materials provide both mechanical flexibility and可调 electromagnetic characteristics across different frequency ranges.
3Manufacturing precision
If detailed finger articulation is added to simulate human dexterity, then grip positioning accuracy improves, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The fingers are segmented into multiple phalanges (proximal, middle, distal) connected by joints, allowing independent movement of each segment. This segmentation enables precise grip positioning by controlling individual finger segments rather than moving entire fingers as rigid bodies, improving grip accuracy while managing structural complexity through modular design.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The model hand effectively simulates the human hand's electromagnetic properties across different frequencies and grip positions, providing a more accurate assessment of wireless communication device performance when in contact with the human body.
Implementation Method 1
electromagnetic properties of a human hand... complex permittivity (conductivity and permittivity) is spatially distributed
Implementation Method 2
complex permittivity (conductivity and permittivity)... mixture of molasses and water that can be used in the electromagnetic testing model hand
Data Source
AI summary
Model human hands (902) for use in electromagnetic (e.g., microwave and RF) testing comprise a skeleton (1200, 104) of dielectric tubes (142, 148, 166, 170, 174, 178, 206, 208, 210, 1202, 1212, 1214, 1216, 1228, 1230, 1236, 1240, 1242, 194, 195, 196) inside a glove (908) that is filled with a fluid that has electrical properties that match that of a typical human hand at a particular frequency. According to certain embodiments the model hands comprise thumbs (193, 1236) that are located out of a plane of palms of the model hands. According to one embodiment the dielectric tubes are pivotally coupled to each other and biasing means (181,702) are provided to bias the hand into a gripping position so that the model human hand is able to grip different types of wireless communication devices (802) in different ways.