Artificial leather and method for manufacturing same

The patent introduces a surfactant as an intermediary substance between the water-dispersed polyurethane and the fibrous substrate. The surfactant modifies the surface properties and reduces surface tension, preventing the polyurethane particles from migrating to the surface during the drying process. This mediator enables uniform distribution of polyurethane throughout the artificial leather structure, maintaining flexibility while using environmentally friendly water-based dispersants.

The patent changes the viscosity parameter of the polyurethane dispersion by adjusting molecular weight, solid content, and adding thickening agents. By controlling the viscosity within a specific range, the mobility of polyurethane particles is restricted, preventing migration to the surface. This parameter control allows water-dispersed polyurethane to maintain uniform distribution and flexibility comparable to organic solvent-based systems.

The patent optimizes the viscosity parameter within a specific range (500-5000 mPa·s) rather than simply increasing it. This controlled parameter change achieves uniform distribution while preventing excessive thickening that would compromise flexibility and durability. The balance is achieved through coordinated adjustment of polyurethane molecular weight, solid content, and surfactant concentration.

The patent creates a composite system combining polyurethane, surfactant, and controlled thickening agents in specific proportions. This composite approach allows the formulation to achieve uniform distribution through synergistic effects: the surfactant prevents migration while the controlled thickening maintains viscosity, and the polyurethane provides both flexibility and durability. The composite formulation resolves the trade-off between uniformity and performance.

The surfactant acts as a protective intermediary that promotes uniform distribution of polyurethane throughout the artificial leather matrix. By preventing surface migration, the surfactant ensures that polyurethane remains properly distributed and protected from excessive moisture exposure. The uniform distribution achieved through this intermediary reduces the concentration of polyurethane at the moisture-prone surface, thereby reducing hydrolysis risk.

The patent changes the molecular weight and chemical structure parameters of the polyurethane to enhance both distribution uniformity and hydrolysis resistance. By selecting polyurethane with appropriate molecular weight (10,000-100,000) and incorporating hydrophobic segments, the formulation achieves uniform distribution while inherently resisting hydrolysis. The parameter optimization ensures that uniform distribution and hydrolysis resistance are achieved simultaneously rather than traded off against each other.