Artificial Leukocyte Particles for Quality Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
The difficulty in obtaining leukocytes for quality control substances due to ethical concerns and the instability and infectious nature of biological components, which complicates their handling and preservation.
Innovation Solution
The use of artificial particles, specifically non-porous spherical cellulose particles with sizes between 5 μm to 10 μm, resembling leukocytes under a microscope, to serve as a quality control substance for accurate leukocyte analysis, allowing for safe preparation and improved preservation stability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If leukocytes are used as quality control substance, then the form similarity to actual leukocytes is maintained, but ethical problems arise and preservation stability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses artificial particles that replicate the essential visual characteristics of leukocytes (spherical shape, size range of 5-10 μm, refractive index, and light scattering properties) without using actual biological cells. This copying approach maintains measurement precision for form identification while eliminating ethical concerns and preservation instability associated with real leukocytes.
2Measurement precision
If biological components are used for quality control, then form accuracy is improved, but handling complexity and infectious risk increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs artificial particles that are non-infectious, chemically stable, and can be disposed of after use. These particles eliminate the need for complex biosafety protocols, specialized handling skills, and ethical approvals required when using biological components, while maintaining sufficient form accuracy for quality control purposes.
3Reliability
If artificial particles are used, then preservation stability and safety are improved, but form similarity to leukocytes may deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent carefully adjusts multiple parameters of the artificial particles including size (5-10 μm diameter), refractive index (1.36-1.40), spherical shape, and surface properties to closely match the optical and morphological characteristics of leukocytes. This parameter optimization ensures that while using stable artificial materials, the particles remain indistinguishable from real leukocytes under microscopic examination.
4Ease of manufacture
If leukocytes are collected and processed, then quality control substance is obtained, but time constraint and processing complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the complex, time-sensitive process of collecting, isolating, and preserving real leukocytes with the use of pre-manufactured artificial particles that are stable at room temperature and require no special processing. This eliminates the urgent time constraints and complex preparation protocols associated with biological cell handling.
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure provides a quality control substance for use in the analysis of leukocytes, which can be prepared safely with easily available raw materials, which has excellent preservation stability, and which can be used in the analysis of sediments in a sample. This quality control substance includes artificial particles whose form as observed with a microscope is similar to the form of leukocytes as observed therewith.