Artificial Turf Backing With PCM Layers for Surface Overheating

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing artificial turfs are prone to rapid overheating during sunny and warm days, and existing PCM solutions have not gained wide acceptance in the market for effective temperature control.

Innovation Solution

An artificial turf with a backing structure incorporating phase change materials (PCMs) and a heat conductive layer, using graphite, graphene, or their combination, to manage temperature by absorbing heat and transferring it to a heat sink, with multiple PCM layers and a heat conductive layer for enhanced cooling.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If artificial turf is used during sunny and warm days, then the turf provides a playing surface for sports activities, but the turf rapidly overheats

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveavailability for sports activitiesVSAvoidturf surface temperature
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The patent incorporates phase change materials (PCMs) into the artificial turf backing structure. These PCMs undergo phase transitions (melting and freezing) at specific temperatures, absorbing excess heat during the day when the turf overheats and releasing heat during cooler periods, thereby passive temperature control and preventing rapid overheating while maintaining sports usability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #36Phase transitions

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a heat conductive layer as an intermediary between the PCM-containing backing layers and the substrate. This heat conductive layer facilitates efficient heat transfer from the turf surface to the substrate (which acts as a heat sink), enabling the PCM to effectively manage temperature extremes without compromising the turf's functional performance

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Temperature

If phase change materials are added to the backing structure, then temperature control is improved, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetemperature controlVSAvoidbacking structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines multiple PCM-containing layers into a integrated backing structure, merging the temperature control function with the structural backing. By incorporating PCMs directly into the backing layers rather than adding separate cooling systems, the design achieves effective temperature control while minimizing structural complexity and maintaining manufacturing feasibility

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Loss of energy

If a heat conductive layer is added between PCM layer and substrate, then heat transfer efficiency is improved, but manufacturing complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheat transfer efficiencyVSAvoidlayer structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies a heat conductive layer specifically at the interface between the PCM-containing backing and the substrate, where heat transfer is most critical. This localized application of enhanced heat conduction materials optimizes thermal management efficiency at the key heat transfer zone without unnecessarily complicating the entire turf structure or requiring complex manufacturing processes across all layers

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The turf effectively prevents overheating by utilizing PCMs with staggered melting points and a heat conductive layer, providing passive temperature control and efficient heat management.

Implementation Method 1

a phase change material is mixed into at least one layer of the backing structure of the artificial turf to cool the backing structure when exposed to intensive sunshine during a game

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhase change: Phase Change

Implementation Method 2

The phase transitions are hysteresis like

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLatent heat: Latent Heat

Implementation Method 3

The backing structure also contains a heat conductive layer employing a heat conductive material. The heat conductive layer is disposed between the at least one PCM containing layer of the backing structure and a substrate

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 4

The substrate may be any suitable surface including concrete, asphalt, a sand layer, a rock layer or the ground. The ground serves as a heat sink such that the phase transition is reversed for another usage cycle

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat sink: Heat Sink

Data Source

PatentEP4459043B1Artificial turf with passive temperature control
Publication Date: 2025.11.26 APT ASIA PACIFIC
  • EP4459043B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4459043B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4459043B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The invention relates to an artificial turf comprising: a carrier (308); an artificial turf fiber (501) incorporated into the carrier such that a first portion of the artificial turf fiber (506) protrudes to a back side of the carrier, a second portion of the artificial turf fiber (302) protrudes to a front side of the carrier, and a third portion of the artificial turf fiber (504) is inside the carrier; and a polyurethane backing (210') formed on the back side of the carrier, characterized in that a phase material is added in the polyurethane backing (210') and/or in at least one layer formed over the carrier 308. The artificial turf may further comprise a heat conductive layer formed on the back side of the polyurethane backing, the heat conductive layer comprising graphite, graphene and or a combination thereof.