Ashless Amine Additive for Fluoroelastomer Seal Compatibility
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Solution Overview
Problem
There is a need for commercially viable ashless additives that are compatible with fluoroelastomeric seals, as conventional ash-containing additives can degrade these seals.
Innovation Solution
The development of an ashless additive composition comprising a tertiary amine-containing compound and a diamide product of a reaction between a hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic anhydride and a cyclic polyamine, which acts as a TBN source, friction modifier, and anti-wear agent in lubricating oils.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional base-containing additives such as overbased phenate and sulfonate detergents are used, then sufficient basic additives and detergents are provided to neutralize acidic byproducts, but metal ash is introduced which conflicts with industry and regulatory ash restriction standards
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes the metal ash component from the additive system by replacing conventional overbased metal detergents with ashless basic amine additives. This extraction of the harmful metal ash while retaining the neutralization function is achieved through using organic amine compounds that provide TBN without introducing sulfated ash into the lubricating oil composition
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters by transitioning from metal-based overbased detergents to organic amine-based additives. This parameter change eliminates the sulfated ash content while maintaining or enhancing the total base number, thereby resolving the contradiction between neutralization capability and ash content
2Object-generated harmful factors
If basic amine additives are used as an alternative to ash-containing detergents, then ashless neutralization is achieved, but fluoroelastomeric seals are degraded due to dehydrofluorination caused by polyamine head-groups
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by modifying the molecular structure of the amine additive to create a non-polymeric or low-polymericity amine compound. This structural modification locally changes the chemical properties at the seal interface, eliminating the dehydrofluorination effect while maintaining the ashless basic neutralization capability, thus protecting fluoroelastomeric seals
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the problematic polyamine structure with a simpler, non-polymeric amine structure that does not cause seal degradation. This substitution uses a chemically simpler compound that achieves the same TBN function without the harmful polyamine head-groups that attack fluoroelastomers
Data Source
AI summary
This disclosure describes an ashless lubricant additive. The additive is a tertiary amine-containing compound having the following structure:where each R1 and R5 is independently a linear or branched-chain monovalent hydrocarbyl group having two to about twenty carbon atoms, where each R2, R3, and R4 is independently a hydrogen, a linear or branched-chain monovalent hydrocarbyl group having one to about twenty carbon atoms wherein at least one of R2, R3, and R4 is hydrogen, each m is independently from 0 to 2, each p is independently from 0 to 2, for each cylic moiety m+p is from 2 to 4, and each n is independently from 1 to 6.