Aspirating induction nozzle with flow transition
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current exhaust systems for buildings fail to effectively manage hazardous chemicals due to inadequate consideration of dynamic wind conditions and geometry, leading to potential re-entrainment of effluent into buildings and surrounding areas, and existing testing methods do not account for cross winds, resulting in inaccurate discharge velocity ratings and plume rise calculations.
Innovation Solution
The use of a frusto-conical transitional flow impinger in aspirating induction nozzles ensures constant or increasing flow velocities from the fan impeller to the nozzle body, optimizing discharge velocity and enabling the venturi effect to enhance plume rise and dispersion, even in the presence of cross winds, by maintaining a uniform velocity profile and incorporating fresh air induction to achieve higher discharge velocities and plume heights.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If exhaust systems are designed without considering dynamic wind conditions and geometry, then system design is simplified, but effluent re-entrainment into buildings and surrounding areas occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by designing the exhaust system to adapt to varying wind conditions. The system uses dynamic wind sensors and geometry sensors to continuously monitor environmental conditions and adjusts exhaust parameters accordingly, transforming a static design into a dynamic responsive system that maintains effectiveness across changing conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements feedback mechanisms through wind sensors and geometry sensors that continuously monitor external conditions and feed this information back to the control system. This feedback loop enables real-time adjustments to exhaust flow, direction, and velocity, preventing effluent re-entrainment by responding to actual environmental conditions rather than relying on fixed design assumptions.
2Device complexity
If existing testing methods are used without accounting for cross winds, then testing procedures are simpler, but discharge velocity ratings and plume rise calculations become inaccurate
Solution Approach 1:
The testing methodology transitions from static to dynamic by incorporating real-time wind monitoring. The system measures discharge velocity and plume rise under actual varying wind conditions rather than controlled static conditions, providing accurate ratings that reflect real-world performance across different environmental scenarios.
Solution Approach 2:
The testing system uses feedback from wind sensors and geometry sensors to continuously adjust measurements and calculations. This feedback mechanism ensures that discharge velocity ratings and plume rise calculations account for actual cross-wind conditions, eliminating the inaccuracies inherent in static testing methods.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If taller exhaust stacks are used to achieve plume rise, then effluent dispersion is improved, but construction costs and visual impact increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical solution of taller stacks with a fluid dynamics-based solution. By using the venturi effect to accelerate exhaust flow and create low-pressure zones that induce ambient air mixing, the system achieves enhanced plume rise and dispersion through fluid mechanics rather than gravitational convection from height, eliminating the need for costly tall stack construction.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes key flow parameters by using the venturi effect to increase exhaust velocity and alter pressure distribution. This parameter change creates strong induced currents that drive plume rise and dispersion, achieving the same effect as tall stacks but through controlled fluid dynamics parameters rather than structural height.
4Object-affected harmful factors
If the venturi effect is used to induce fresh air mixing, then plume rise and dispersion are enhanced, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the venturi mixing mechanism with the exhaust nozzle structure itself, integrating the induction function into the existing exhaust pathway. By combining the exhaust flow path with the venturi induction zones, the design achieves enhanced dispersion without adding separate complex mixing devices, reducing overall system complexity while maintaining effectiveness.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design enhances the dispersion and dilution of hazardous effluents, ensuring compliance with safety standards by maintaining discharge velocities above the minimum required, optimizing system performance across a range of wind conditions, and reducing the need for taller exhaust stacks, which are costly and visually unattractive.
Implementation Method 1
enabling the venturi effect to enhance plume rise and dispersion
Implementation Method 2
incorporating fresh air induction to achieve higher discharge velocities and plume heights
Data Source
AI summary
An aspirating induction nozzle is designed to ensure that the discharge velocity is always at or above the governing guidelines while simultaneously leveraging physics to consistently induce fresh air with no moving parts. To achieve this, the flow rate from the fan at the inlet of the nozzle must be accelerated. A frusto-conical transitional flow impinger provides a mechanism to effectively control the flow velocity in the region from the discharge of the fan impeller through the nozzle body. The addition of the impinger provides a mechanism to ensure that flow velocities are always constant or increasing until the discharge plane of the nozzle body, thereby offering a means to optimize the design of the nozzle for the given flow and/or operational pressure drop requirements, while sustaining a tuned venturi effect for steadfast operation in a dynamic environment.