Aspirating Point Detector with Multi-Stream Inlet for Rapid Fire Detection

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing fire alarm systems face challenges with large and cumbersome detectors that require extensive installation networks, limiting their placement in certain environments, and suffer from delayed detection times due to distance and logistical or aesthetic constraints.

Innovation Solution

A point detector equipped with a fan for air aspiration and multiple independent sensing streams for smoke, heat, and carbon monoxide detection, allowing for simultaneous and rapid identification of fire-related substances and conditions, with an early-warning smoke detector for enhanced sensitivity and reduced energy consumption.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If a network of pipes and holes is installed to transport air to a remote detecting device, then high-sensitivity detection is achieved, but installation complexity and time increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection sensitivityVSAvoidinstallation complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The device segments the air intake function by providing multiple separate inlet ports (first inlet, second inlet, third inlet) that can be independently connected to different zones. This allows the detection system to be installed locally without requiring extensive piping networks, as each inlet can be separately routed to nearby areas.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The detecting device integrates multiple detection functions into a single unit: smoke detection, heat detection, and carbon monoxide detection. This multi-functional design eliminates the need for separate detecting devices for each parameter, reducing installation complexity while maintaining high detection sensitivity across multiple hazards.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Ease of operation

If the detecting device is placed far from the monitored environment, then installation is easier, but detection time increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinstallation easeVSAvoiddetection time
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The device incorporates a fan that actively aspirates air from the monitored environment through the inlet ports before detection is needed. This preliminary air sampling action ensures that air samples are continuously drawn and analyzed, reducing detection time while allowing the device to be installed at a reasonable distance from the monitored zones.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The device uses pneumatic principles by incorporating a fan to create airflow that draws air samples through the inlet ports and across the sensing elements. This active air aspiration system enables rapid detection by continuously circulating air samples, compensating for any distance between the device and monitored areas.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #29Pneumatics and hydraulics

3Measurement precision

If multiple sensing devices are used for simultaneous detection, then detection accuracy improves, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection accuracyVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The device merges multiple sensing functions (smoke sensor, heat sensor, carbon monoxide sensor) into a single integrated detecting device. The housing contains all sensing elements and processing circuitry in one unit, achieving high detection accuracy across multiple parameters while minimizing device complexity through unified design.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The detecting device is designed as a multi-functional universal detector that simultaneously monitors smoke, heat, and carbon monoxide levels. This single device replaces what would otherwise require multiple separate detectors, improving detection accuracy across different hazard types while reducing overall system complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

4Ease of operation

If a single enclosure houses all components, then ease of placement improves, but detection sensitivity decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveease of placementVSAvoiddetection sensitivity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The device applies local quality by providing separate inlet ports for different air sampling zones, allowing each inlet to be optimally positioned and routed to capture air from specific areas. This enables the single enclosure device to maintain high detection sensitivity by drawing air samples from multiple localized sources without requiring the device itself to be large or complex.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables high-sensitivity fire detection with rapid response times, reduced installation impact, and minimized energy usage, effectively alerting users during the incipient phase of a fire, thereby reducing damage and injury.

Implementation Method 1

a fan configured to aspirate air from a surrounding environment; an inlet in flow communication with the fan

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAir aspiration: Suction

Implementation Method 2

a smoke detector for sensing smoke in a first stream of the multiple streams

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSmoke detection: Absorption (EM radiation)

Implementation Method 3

a heat detector for sensing heat in a second stream of the multiple streams

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat sensing: Thermal Radiation

Implementation Method 4

a carbon monoxide detector for sensing carbon monoxide in a third stream of the multiple streams

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCarbon monoxide detection: Absorption Spectroscopy

Data Source

PatentEP3843057B1Point detector for fire alarm system
Publication Date: 2022.11.16 CARRIER CORP
  • EP3843057B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2

AI summary

A point detector (1) for a fire alarm system is described. The point detector (1) comprises a fan (2) configured to aspirate air from a surrounding environment; and an inlet (3) in flow communication with the fan (2); wherein the inlet (3) is configured to split the incoming flow into multiple streams (4); and wherein each stream (4) of the multiple streams (4) is configured to be in flow communication with a respective sensing device (6).