Aspiration Cannula for Rapid Bone Marrow Extraction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional bone marrow harvest procedures are invasive, time-consuming, costly, and associated with significant pain, contamination, and complications such as Graft vs. Host Disease, requiring multiple punctures, general anesthesia, and lengthy recovery times, while peripheral blood stem cell collection is slow and expensive.
Innovation Solution
A minimally invasive device with a hollow introduction cannula and aspiration cannula that allows controlled penetration and directional movement within the bone marrow cavity for efficient extraction of bone marrow through a single entry point, reducing the need for multiple punctures and general anesthesia, and incorporating features like steering wires and ultrasound for precise navigation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If traditional bone marrow harvest procedures are used with multiple punctures, then sufficient bone marrow volume can be collected, but the procedure becomes highly invasive, painful, and requires general anesthesia
Solution Approach 1:
The device employs a nested structure where an inner cannula is inserted through an outer needle, and both are contained within a stylet during insertion. After bone marrow access is achieved, the stylet and outer needle are removed, leaving only the inner cannula in place for continuous aspiration. This nesting approach enables sufficient marrow collection through a single puncture site while minimizing invasiveness and patient discomfort.
2Quantity of substance
If multiple separate entries into marrow cavity are made to collect sufficient marrow volume, then adequate stem cells are obtained, but the procedure time increases and contamination risk increases
Solution Approach 1:
The device enables continuous aspiration of bone marrow through a single sustained puncture. The inner cannula remains in place within the marrow cavity, allowing uninterrupted collection of stem cells over an extended period. This continuous action eliminates the need to withdraw and re-insert the needle multiple times, thereby reducing procedure time and minimizing the risk of contamination between punctures.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If traditional aspiration needle is used with limited penetration depth, then safety is maintained, but only limited area of marrow space is accessed
Solution Approach 1:
The device features a dynamic design where the inner cannula can be advanced further into the marrow cavity after initial access is established. The stylet provides structural support during insertion, enabling the outer needle to penetrate to a greater depth than would be safe without support. Once positioned, the cannula can be extended to access a larger volume of marrow space while maintaining safety through the supportive stylet structure.
4Object-affected harmful factors
If peripheral blood stem cell collection is used, then less invasive procedure is performed, but the collection process is slow and expensive
Solution Approach 1:
The device replaces the complex mechanical apheresis system with a simpler direct aspiration mechanism. Instead of using sophisticated blood separation and filtration equipment to collect stem cells from peripheral blood, the device directly aspirates bone marrow containing concentrated stem cells through a single puncture. This substitution maintains minimal invasiveness while dramatically improving collection speed and reducing costs.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The device enables rapid, concentrated extraction of bone marrow with reduced contamination and pain, shorter procedure times, lower costs, and fewer complications, facilitating easier access to stem cells for regenerative therapies.
Implementation Method 1
a negative pressure (suction) source provides controlled negative pressure enabling tissue to be aspirated through the aspiration cannula and into a collection reservoir
Data Source
AI summary
Device and method for rapid extraction of body tissue from an enclosed body cavity. Hollow entry cannula with optional core element provides entry into body tissue space such as bone marrow. Aspiration cannula is inserted through entry cannula into body tissue and is manipulated to advance directionally through body cavity. Optional stylet within aspiration cannula aids in advancing aspiration cannula through body tissue and is removed to facilitate extraction of body tissue through the aspiration cannula. Inlet openings near distal tip of aspiration cannula allow tissue aspiration, with negative pressure source at proximal end of aspiration cannula providing controlled negative pressure. Aspiration cannula may be withdrawn and its path adjusted for multiple entries through the same entry point, following different paths through tissue space for subsequent aspiration of more tissue.