Air Separation Unit Heat Integration in Oxy-Fired Steam Cycles

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing coal-fired oxy-combustion steam plants face challenges in optimizing the integration of thermal sinks such as the Air Separation Unit, Flue Gas Heat Recovery System, Flue Gas Condenser, and Gas Processing Unit within the steam power cycle, leading to inefficiencies and energy wastage.

Innovation Solution

The integration of the Air Separation Unit heat exchanger with the condensate system, allowing for thermal and fluid parallel connections with low-pressure heaters, and the inclusion of a Flue Gas Heat Recovery System heat exchanger to recover heat from the flue gas, enabling flexible plant operation and improved thermal efficiency across varying load conditions.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of energy

If the Air Separation Unit heat exchanger is integrated with the condensate system in parallel with low pressure heaters, then thermal efficiency is improved through better heat recovery, but device complexity increases due to additional thermal integration connections

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvethermal efficiencyVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The Air Separation Unit heat exchanger is thermally integrated with the condensate system by connecting it in parallel with the low pressure heaters. This merging of previously separate thermal systems allows heat recovery from the air separation process to directly preheat condensate, improving overall thermal efficiency while utilizing existing system components

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The condensate system is designed to serve multiple functions: it not only heats condensate through the low pressure heaters but also receives thermal energy from the Air Separation Unit heat exchanger. This multi-functionality allows the same system to handle different heat sources and optimize energy utilization across varying plant load conditions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Use of energy by moving object

If the Flue Gas Heat Recovery System heat exchanger is connected to the condensate system, then energy recovery is maximized, but device complexity increases due to additional heat exchanger connections

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy recoveryVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The Flue Gas Heat Recovery System heat exchanger is integrated with the condensate system, merging the flue gas heat recovery function with the condensate heating function. This allows simultaneous heat recovery from flue gases and condensate preheating through coordinated thermal connections, maximizing energy recovery from available heat sources

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Object-generated harmful factors

If the plant operates in oxy-mode at part load conditions, then emission reduction is maintained, but thermal efficiency decreases due to reduced heat recovery opportunities

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveemission reductionVSAvoidthermal efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The thermal integration system is designed with dynamic adaptability to operate effectively across varying load conditions including part load oxy-mode operation. The parallel connections and multiple heat recovery paths allow the system to maintain optimal thermal efficiency by dynamically adjusting heat flow distribution according to available heat sources and plant operating conditions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The integrated heat recovery system ensures continuous useful thermal action by providing multiple parallel heat transfer paths. The Air Separation Unit heat exchanger and Flue Gas Heat Recovery System work continuously to recover thermal energy, ensuring that emission reduction benefits are maintained without significant thermal efficiency loss even at reduced plant loads

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration enhances thermal integration, allowing the plant to operate efficiently at part load conditions and ensures maximum net energy transfer, optimizing heat recovery and reducing energy wastage by matching temperatures and recovery duties.

Implementation Method 1

an Air Separation Unit heat exchanger as part of the compressed air stream used for oxygen stream production

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat exchanger: Heat Exchanger

Implementation Method 2

Exhaust steam from the last low pressure steam turbine (LP) is condensed in a condenser (2)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCondensation: Condensation

Implementation Method 3

a plurality of low pressure heaters arranged in series and configured and arranged to receive the condensate from the condenser

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat exchanger: Heat Exchanger

Implementation Method 4

a Flue Gas Heat Recovery System heat exchanger to recover heat from the flue gas

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat exchanger: Heat Exchanger

Data Source

PatentEP2942494B1Coal fired oxy plant with heat integration
Publication Date: 2019.08.21 GENERAL ELECTRIC TECH GMBH
  • EP2942494B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2942494B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP2942494B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

A coal fired Oxy boiler power plant having a combustion system adapted to burn coal using an oxygen stream to produce a flue gas stream, a CO2 capture system connected to the flue gas stream and a steam cycle with serially arranged low pressure heaters (6,7,8,9,31) forming part of a condensate system. The combustion system comprises an Air Separation Unit for removing N2 from air to produce the oxygen stream for the boiler (42). The Air Separation Unit includes an Air Separation Unit heat exchanger (11) that is thermally and fluidly connected to the condensate system so as to be fluidly parallel to at least one serial low pressure heater and fluidly parallel to at least one less that the total number of serial low pressure heaters. Flue Gas Heat Recovery System, Flue Gas Condenser and Gas Processing unit are thermally integrated into the condensate system.