Asymmetric Epitaxial Source/Drain Structures for Lower Parasitic Capacitance

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Solution Overview

Problem

The variability in conventional fabrication processes limits the scalability of integrated circuits to the 10 nanometer node or sub-10 nanometer range, necessitating new methodologies for multi-gate transistors, particularly in bulk silicon substrates, to optimize performance and reduce parasitic capacitance and resistance.

Innovation Solution

Implementing asymmetric epitaxial source or drain arrangements with differentiated gate spacers and contact processing, including backside power delivery and self-aligned access features, to enhance transistor performance by reducing parasitic capacitance and resistance.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If conventional fabrication processes are used for scaling, then manufacturing simplicity is maintained, but manufacturing precision deteriorates at 10 nanometer node or sub-10 nanometer range

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefabrication precisionVSAvoidprocess complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The fabrication process is divided into separate stages: forming first and second epitaxial source or drain structures with different depths, then selectively removing portions to create asymmetric configurations. This segmentation allows precise control at 10nm node by breaking down complex patterning into manageable steps.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Different regions of the transistor are given different properties through asymmetric epitaxial growth - the first source or drain structure has different depth and doping characteristics than the second, optimizing local electrical properties for specific performance requirements while maintaining overall device functionality.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Object-generated harmful factors

If symmetric epitaxial source or drain structures are used, then manufacturing simplicity is maintained, but parasitic capacitance increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveparasitic capacitanceVSAvoidstructure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements asymmetric epitaxial source or drain structures where the first and second structures have different depths, widths, or doping concentrations. This asymmetry reduces parasitic capacitance between the source/drain and gate by creating non-uniform electric field distributions, directly addressing the harmful electrostatic effects in scaled devices.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #4Asymmetry

Solution Approach 2:

The invention introduces depth as an additional dimension for differentiation beyond the planar dimensions. By controlling the vertical depth of epitaxial structures independently from lateral dimensions, the patent creates three-dimensional asymmetry that effectively reduces parasitic capacitance without complicating planar patterning processes.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

3Power

If deeper contact structures are formed for backside power delivery, then power delivery capability is improved, but contact resistance increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower deliveryVSAvoidcontact resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent performs preliminary doping and epitaxial growth of source and drain structures before final contact formation. This preliminary action ensures that the contact regions are pre-optimized with appropriate doping concentrations and crystal orientations, reducing contact resistance even when deep contacts are required for backside power delivery.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes material and structural parameters - using different epitaxial growth conditions, doping concentrations, and crystal orientations for different contact regions. These parameter changes enable deep contacts to maintain low resistance by optimizing the electrical properties of the contact path through controlled variations in material composition and structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution achieves lower parasitic capacitance, improved contact resistance, and reduced short channel effects, enabling higher performance and efficiency in integrated circuits.

Implementation Method 1

forming a first epitaxial source or drain structure over a first conductive material and forming a second epitaxial source or drain structure over a second conductive material

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEpitaxy: Epitaxy

Data Source

PatentEP4580332A1Integrated circuit structure with asymmetric epitaxial source or drain and spacer arrangements
Publication Date: 2025.07.02 INTEL CORP
  • EP4580332A1 patent drawingFigure 1A~1B
  • EP4580332A1 patent drawingFigure 2A~2B
  • EP4580332A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Integrated circuit structures having asymmetric epitaxial source or drain arrangements are described. An integrated circuit structure (150) includes a gate stack (158, 156) over a plurality of horizontally stacked nanowires (154). A first epitaxial source or drain structure (160) is at a first end of the plurality of horizontally stacked nanowires (154). A first gate spacer (164A) laterally between the gate stack (158, 156) and the first epitaxial source or drain structure (160). A second epitaxial source or drain structure (162) is at a second end of the plurality of horizontally stacked nanowires (154). A second gate spacer (164B) is laterally between the gate stack (158, 156) and the second epitaxial source or drain structure (162). The first gate spacer (164A) has a width less than the second gate spacer (164B) by an amount of 10% or greater. In another embodiment the tips (260A) of the first epitaxial source or drain structure (260) have a greater lateral width than the tips (262A) of the second epitaxial source or drain structure (262), also by an amount of 10% or greater.