Asymmetric Phase Transport for Non-Reciprocal Quantum Wave Transmission

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current non-reciprocal devices for de Broglie waves lack efficient mechanisms to maintain phase coherence in forward transmission while inducing decoherence and absorption in reverse direction, leading to asymmetrical energy transfer and potential violations of thermodynamic laws.

Innovation Solution

A quantum device comprising a four-port circulator with hybrid couplers and a phase shifter connected between them, along with black-body radiators at ports, which maintains phase coherence for forward waves and induces random phases and absorption for backward waves, utilizing thermal excitation for operation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If non-reciprocal devices are used for de Broglie waves, then directional transmission is achieved, but phase coherence cannot be maintained in forward direction while inducing decoherence in reverse direction

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvephase coherenceVSAvoidasymmetrical energy transfer
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies asymmetry by using a Mach-Zehnder interferometer with asymmetric coupling to a quantum dot. The quantum dot is coupled to only one arm of the interferometer, creating asymmetric interaction that generates directional phase shifts. This asymmetric coupling enables the system to differentiate between forward and backward wave propagation, maintaining phase coherence in the forward direction while inducing decoherence in the reverse direction, thereby resolving the technical contradiction.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #4Asymmetry

2Reliability

If phase shift conversion is implemented using interferometer interference properties, then non-reciprocal transmission is achieved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenon-reciprocal transmissionVSAvoidinterferometer structure
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a Mach-Zehnder interferometer that serves multiple functions: it provides phase shifting through asymmetric quantum dot coupling, enables non-reciprocal transmission control, and generates directional interference patterns. This multi-functional design allows a single interferometer structure to accomplish what would otherwise require multiple separate components, thereby reducing overall device complexity while maintaining reliable non-reciprocal transmission.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The device achieves non-reciprocal transmission with conserved energy in forward direction and statistical energy conservation in reverse, potentially generating temperature differences for energy conversion, while operating within a broad temperature range and violating the second law of thermodynamics.

Implementation Method 1

Based on interference of the particles' wave functions, these devices let particles pass preferentially in one direction

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectQuantum interference: Interference

Implementation Method 2

Non-reciprocal devices for de Broglie waves can be realized by using Rashba quantum rings

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRashba effect:

Implementation Method 3

Non-reciprocal devices for de Broglie waves can be realized by using asymmetric Aharonov-Bohm rings

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAharonov-Bohm effect:

Implementation Method 4

along with black-body radiators at ports, which maintains phase coherence for forward waves and induces random phases and absorption for backward waves, utilizing thermal excitation for operation

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal radiation: Thermal Radiation

Data Source

PatentEP3815175B1A non-reciprocal device comprising asymmetric phase transport of waves
Publication Date: 2023.09.13 MAX PLANCK GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FOERDERUNG DER WISSENSCHAFTEN EV
  • EP3815175B1 patent drawingFigure 1~1B
  • EP3815175B1 patent drawingFigure 2~2C
  • EP3815175B1 patent drawingFigure 3~3B

AI summary

The quantum device (10; 15) comprises a non-reciprocal transmission structure (5, 6, 7; 13, 14), wherein the transmission structure is designed such that for first waves traversing the transmission structure in a forward direction the phases of the first waves are at least partially conserved, and for second waves traversing the transmission structure in a backward direction, the phases of the second waves are at least partially replaced by random ones, such that the phase conservation is more pronounced in the forward direction than in the backward direction.