Asymmetric Rotor Laminations for DC Motor Cogging Torque Reduction

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Solution Overview

Problem

Wound rotor motors with commutators face challenges in reducing axial length and wire usage due to overlapping winding heads, which also result in noticeable cogging torque, especially with asymmetric lamination designs like the 20 slot configuration.

Innovation Solution

The design incorporates a rotor core with asymmetric laminations and strategically placed grooves on the pole faces to create a higher fundamental cogging torque order, reducing axial length and wire usage while minimizing cogging torque by adjusting the phase difference between the groove and pole cogging torques, typically achieving a cogging torque order of 28, 36, or 44 with 4 stator poles and 14, 18, or 22 rotor poles.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Length of moving object

If asymmetric lamination design is used to reduce winding head overlap, then axial length is reduced, but cogging torque increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaxial lengthVSAvoidcogging torque
Core Design Contradiction:
Length of moving objectVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies asymmetric lamination design where slots are arranged non-uniformly around the rotor circumference, creating asymmetric pole configurations. This asymmetry allows winding heads to lay alongside adjacent heads without crossing, reducing axial length while the specific asymmetric pattern is designed to control cogging torque characteristics

Inventive Principle:
Principle #4Asymmetry

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the slot arrangement parameters and pole configurations to achieve different cogging torque orders. By selecting specific numbers of rotor poles (14, 18, or 22) with corresponding asymmetric slot patterns, the fundamental cogging torque order is increased to 28, 36, or 44 respectively, reducing the effective cogging torque magnitude

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Ease of manufacture

If conventional symmetric lamination is used, then manufacturing is easier, but winding heads must cross over increasing axial length

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelamination manufacturingVSAvoidaxial length
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSLength of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent deliberately introduces asymmetry in the lamination slot arrangement to enable compact winding head positioning. The asymmetric configuration allows all winding heads to be contained within a shorter axial space by eliminating the need for heads to cross over previously wound heads, accepting increased manufacturing complexity as a trade-off for compactness

Inventive Principle:
Principle #4Asymmetry

3Object-generated harmful factors

If more rotor poles are added to increase cogging torque order, then effective cogging torque is reduced, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveeffective cogging torqueVSAvoid rotor pole configuration
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the number of rotor poles to specific values (14, 18, or 22) that, when combined with a 4-pole stator, produce high fundamental cogging torque orders (28, 36, or 44). This parameter optimization reduces effective cogging torque while the asymmetric slot patterns are designed to facilitate practical manufacturing despite the increased pole count

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP1971014B1Armature laminations
Publication Date: 2013.08.28 JOHNSON ELECTRIC SA
  • EP1971014B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP1971014B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP1971014B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A DC motor, has a stator housing accommodating a permanent magnet stator; a rotor, rotatably mounted confronting the stator, the rotor having a shaft, a rotor core fitted to the shaft and having asymmetric laminations, a commutator fitted to the shaft adjacent one end of the rotor core, and windings wound about poles of the rotor core and terminated on the commutator; and brush gear comprising brushes in sliding contact with the commutator for transferring electrical power to the windings, wherein the cogging torque order for the motor is greater than twenty. Preferably, the cogging torque order is 28, 36 or 44.