Two-Fluid Atomizing Nozzle Annular Gap Droplet Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing two-component atomizing nozzles often produce large droplets at the nozzle edge due to liquid films adhering to the walls and forming beads, which contribute significantly to the mean droplet size, leading to operational disruptions and inefficiencies in processes like evaporative cooling.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating an annular gap surrounding the outlet opening, where compressed gas exits at high speed directly at the edge, drawing out the liquid film into a thin lamella and breaking it into fine droplets, while maintaining a fine droplet spectrum in the jet core without increasing energy consumption.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If liquid is sprayed through conventional two-component nozzles, then liquid distribution is achieved, but large droplets form at the nozzle edge due to liquid films adhering to walls
Solution Approach 1:
The nozzle design segments the liquid flow path by introducing an annular gap that divides the liquid film into multiple thinner streams. The liquid film that would normally adhere to the wall is interrupted and redistributed through the gap structure, preventing the formation of large cohesive droplets at the nozzle edge.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention introduces a dimensional element by creating an annular gap structure that adds a radial dimension to the liquid-gas interaction. This gap allows compressed gas to act on the liquid film from multiple angles, breaking it up into finer droplets rather than allowing it to form a single large droplet at the edge.
2Manufacturing precision
If high-pressure single-component nozzles are used to achieve fine droplets, then droplet size is reduced, but flow cross section is limited and coarse particles cannot be sprayed
Solution Approach 1:
The invention merges the advantages of high-pressure atomization with the capacity for coarse particle handling by combining a two-component nozzle structure with an annular gap design. The larger flow cross section of the two-component design accommodates coarse particles, while the annular gap creates the fine droplet spectrum through enhanced liquid film disruption.
3Quantity of substance
If liquid films are allowed to form on nozzle walls, then liquid distribution occurs, but large edge droplets form that cause operational disruptions
Solution Approach 1:
The invention converts the harmful effect of wall-adhering liquid films into a beneficial atomization mechanism. By introducing the annular gap, the liquid film that would normally cause large droplet formation is instead disrupted and atomized into fine droplets, turning a reliability problem into an effective atomization feature.
4Manufacturing precision
If compressed gas flow rate is increased to break up liquid films, then droplet size is reduced, but energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The annular gap structure performs preliminary action by pre-disrupting the liquid film before it reaches the nozzle exit. The gap geometry itself begins the atomization process by creating thin liquid lamellae, which reduces the additional energy required from compressed gas to achieve fine droplet sizes.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design reduces the maximum droplet size to approximately one-third, significantly improving the droplet spectrum and reducing construction volume requirements in applications like evaporative coolers, with the same energy consumption, and allows for efficient atomization with 10-40% of the atomizing air.
Implementation Method 1
the annular gap and the trailing edge are designed in such a way that the compressed gas exits the annular gap at high speed directly in the area of the trailing edge and draws out the liquid film at the trailing edge to form a very thin liquid lamella
Implementation Method 2
which is then broken up into fine droplets
Implementation Method 3
The liquid which wets the wall in the mixing chamber 7 is driven towards the nozzle mouth as a liquid film 20 by the shear stress and pressure forces
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2~2a
Figure 3
AI summary
Two-fluid atomizing nozzle for spraying a liquid using a pressurized gas. The invention relates to a two-fluid atomizing nozzle for spraying a liquid using a pressurized gas, comprising a mixing chamber, a liquid inlet opening into the mixing chamber, a pressurized gas inlet opening into the mixing chamber, and an outlet opening downstream of the mixing chamber. According to the invention, an annular gap surrounding the outlet opening is provided for the high-velocity escape of pressurized gas. Applications include, for example, flue gas cleaning.