Attachment Solution for Cytological Sample Adhesion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current diagnostic methods face challenges in maintaining cytological and histological samples adhered to substrates during analysis, which is crucial for obtaining valuable diagnostic information.
Innovation Solution
A method and attachment solution comprising an attachment base, anti-coagulant, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug are used to adhere samples to substrates, utilizing alcohol, acid, oxidizers, or ketones like Carnoy's solution, along with biological polymers to ensure strong adhesion without cross-linking proteins, allowing for rapid curing and compatibility with various analysis techniques.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional histological methods are used to adhere samples to substrates, then sample adherence is achieved, but additional processing steps like antigen retrieval are required and processing time increases
Solution Approach 1:
The attachment solution is applied to the substrate before sample deposition, pre-coating the surface with adhesion-promoting agents (poly-L-lysine, gelatin, or silane-based compounds). This preliminary preparation creates an optimized surface that enhances sample adherence and eliminates the need for subsequent antigen retrieval steps, directly reducing processing time while maintaining reliability
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the chemical parameters of the substrate surface by applying specific coatings (poly-L-lysine at controlled concentrations, gelatin solutions, or silane-based compounds with specific functional groups). These parameter changes in surface chemistry create optimal adhesion conditions that eliminate the need for additional processing steps
2Strength
If cross-linking agents are used to strengthen sample-substrate adhesion, then adherence strength is improved, but protein cross-linking occurs requiring additional antigen retrieval steps
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts or removes the harmful cross-linking function from the attachment process. Instead of using agents that form covalent cross-links between proteins (which would require antigen retrieval), the solution employs adhesion promoters that create strong physical adsorption bonds through electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, or van der Waals forces, thereby maintaining adhesion strength without introducing protein cross-linking
Solution Approach 2:
The attachment solution acts as an intermediary layer between the substrate and sample. This intermediate coating (poly-L-lysine, gelatin, or silane compounds) provides adhesion promotion through its functional groups interacting with both the substrate and sample components, achieving strong binding without direct protein cross-linking that would complicate subsequent processing
3Productivity
If rapid curing attachment solutions are used, then processing speed is improved, but adhesion strength may be compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The invention optimizes parameters of the attachment solution including concentration of adhesion promoters, solvent composition (water-alcohol mixtures), and pH levels. These parameter adjustments enable the solution to cure rapidly while maintaining strong adhesion capabilities through optimized molecular interactions and film formation kinetics
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively adheres samples to substrates, preventing coagulation and cross-linking, enabling efficient sample processing and analysis without additional steps like antigen retrieval, and supports diverse diagnostic methods including imaging and molecular analysis.
Implementation Method 1
The attachment solution includes an attachment base, an anti-coagulant, and a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug... The sample is dispensed onto an analysis platform as one or more droplets and cured. The sample may then be fixed, permeabilized, labeled, blocked, and washed.
Implementation Method 2
The attachment base may be an alcohol, an acid, an oxidizer, an organohalogen, a ketone, such as acetone, or any combination thereof, such as Carnoy's solution. The attachment base may be capable of fixing sample components, such as cells, without cross-linking other sample components, such as proteins.
Implementation Method 3
The attachment solution includes an attachment base, an anti-coagulant, and a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.
Implementation Method 4
The attachment solution includes an attachment base, an anti-coagulant, and a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug... preventing cross-linking of the other sample components, such as proteins
Data Source
AI summary
This disclosure is directed to a method and an attachment solution for adhering a cytological or histological sample, such as buffy coat, to a substrate, such as a microscope slide. The attachment solution includes an attachment base, an anti-coagulant, and a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. The attachment base may be an alcohol, an acid, an oxidizer, an organohalogen, a ketone, or any combination thereof. Once a sample is obtained, the sample may be re-suspended in the attachment solution or the attachment solution may be added to the sample. The sample may then be dispensed onto an analysis platform as one or more droplets and cured.