Attenuated IBV Strain Cross-Protective Immunity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current vaccines against infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) are only partially effective due to the emergence of antigenic variants and the diversity of IBV strains, necessitating the development of novel strains that can induce cross-protective immunity and protect against renal lesions.
Innovation Solution
The development of attenuated or inactivated IBV strains with a specific S1 gene sequence, such as IBV 500-13, which confers cross-protective immunity to multiple IBV serotypes and protects against renal lesions by inducing a strong immune response without causing illness, and the use of these strains in vaccine compositions and diagnostic methods.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional IBV vaccines are used, then vaccination coverage is achieved, but protection is only partial due to antigenic variants and strain diversity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent develops an IBV vaccine strain that provides universal protection against multiple IBV serotypes (including GA08, GA13, and DMV) through a single vaccination. The attenuated virus strain is engineered to express antigens that are recognized by the immune system across different serotypes, making the vaccine multi-functional rather than type-specific.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the viral strain through attenuation processes (such as passage adaptation or genetic modification) to reduce virulence while enhancing or maintaining immunogenicity. This transforms the virus from a highly pathogenic form to an attenuated form that can safely induce broad cross-protective immunity without causing severe disease.
2Adaptability or versatility
If attenuated IBV strains are developed to provide cross-protective immunity, then protection against multiple serotypes is achieved, but virus attenuation and safety must be maintained
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs parameter changes by systematically altering viral characteristics through attenuation methods (passage adaptation, genetic modification) to reduce virulence parameters while preserving or enhancing immunogenicity parameters. This creates a viral strain with modified properties that is safe for vaccination yet effective at inducing broad immunity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the harmful virulence of the IBV into a beneficial immunogenic property. By using attenuated strains that retain antigenic characteristics but lack full pathogenicity, the harmful viral properties are transformed into useful vaccine components that stimulate protective immunity without causing severe disease.
3Reliability
If IBV vaccination is performed, then immune response is induced, but renal lesions such as nephritis still occur in vaccinated animals
Solution Approach 1:
The patent converts the harmful renal pathogenicity of IBV into a protective effect against nephritis. The attenuated vaccine strain induces immune responses that specifically prevent renal lesion development, transforming the virus's ability to cause kidney damage into an ability to protect against it through immunization.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies preliminary anti-action by vaccinating animals with attenuated IBV strains before challenge infection, thereby pre-establishing immune defenses that specifically counteract the renal pathogenic effects of virulent IBV strains. This preliminary immunization prevents the harmful renal lesions before they can develop.
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to novel infectious bronchitis virus strains and the uses thereof. The invention particularly relates to an inactivated or attenuated IBV, as well as to vaccine compositions comprising the same and the uses thereof to vaccinate avians. The invention also relates to nucleic acids, infected cells and methods for detecting the infectious bronchitis virus strains of the invention in any sample.