Audio-Based Device Pairing via Frequency Shift Keying

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing device pairing methods, such as Bluetooth, require special hardware, are limited to preconfigured functions, and can experience unintended pairing due to signal range, and battery stress, while also lacking robust security mechanisms.

Innovation Solution

A method using audio signals for device association, where a first device broadcasts a request via its speaker, and the second device enters a security code displayed on the first device's display, with verification ensuring secure connection, utilizing frequency shift keying for data encoding and decoding.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If Bluetooth technology is used for device pairing, then devices can exchange data to work together, but special hardware is needed at both ends and extra hardware in devices can put more stress on device batteries

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepairing functionalityVSAvoidhardware requirements
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical/electromagnetic Bluetooth pairing system with an acoustic system using speakers and microphones. The first device broadcasts a request for association using an audio signal through its speaker, and the second device receives this audio signal through its microphone. This substitution eliminates the need for special Bluetooth hardware while achieving the same pairing functionality.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent makes use of existing universal components (speakers and microphones) that are already present in most devices for audio output and input. By utilizing these existing components for pairing purposes, the invention eliminates the need for dedicated pairing hardware, reducing device complexity while maintaining pairing functionality.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Ease of operation

If Bluetooth signals are used for pairing, then devices can connect wirelessly, but the signals have wider range which can cause unintended pairing without proper security

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewireless connectionVSAvoidunintended pairing
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by making the acoustic pairing signal location-specific and directionally limited. Since audio signals propagate in a more localized manner compared to Bluetooth radio waves, the pairing request is naturally confined to a specific physical location and direction, reducing the risk of unintended pairing with distant or unauthorized devices.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces an intermediary security code verification step between the first and second devices. The first device displays a security code, and the second device must enter this code to confirm the pairing. This intermediary verification mechanism prevents unintended pairing by ensuring that only authorized users can complete the association process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Reliability

If Bluetooth pairing is used, then devices can be associated, but the paired devices must stay within a physical proximity to each other after the pairing

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedevice associationVSAvoidphysical proximity requirement
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the Bluetooth wireless communication system with an acoustic system using speakers and microphones. The first device broadcasts a request for association using an audio signal through its speaker, and the second device receives this audio signal through its microphone. This substitution eliminates the need for special Bluetooth hardware while achieving the same pairing functionality.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

4Object-affected harmful factors

If security verification is implemented in device pairing, then unintended pairing is prevented, but the pairing process becomes more complex

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveunintended pairing preventionVSAvoidpairing process
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces an intermediary security code verification step between the first and second devices. The first device displays a security code, and the second device must enter this code to confirm the pairing. This intermediary verification mechanism prevents unintended pairing by ensuring that only authorized users can complete the association process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach eliminates the need for extra hardware, allows flexible function distribution between devices without prewiring, and provides secure association with a short communication range, reducing battery stress and preventing unintended pairing.

Implementation Method 1

The first device through its speaker broadcasts a request for association using an audio signal

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectroacoustic transduction:

Implementation Method 2

A response message including a security code entered by the user of the second device is received by the first device

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAcoustoelectric transduction:

Implementation Method 3

utilizing frequency shift keying for data encoding and decoding

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFrequency shift keying:

Data Source

PatentEP2761910B1Method and system for pairing devices
Publication Date: 2019.07.17 SKYPE
  • EP2761910B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2761910B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2761910B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A method of associating a first device with a second device is disclosed. The first device through its speaker broadcasts a request for association using an audio signal. The broadcasted audio signal is received by the second device through its microphone. The first and second devices then cooperatively verifies a security code and upon a successful verification of the security code, the first and the second devices are enabled to communicate with each other.