Background Noise Estimation for Audio Signal Music Detection

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current audio coding technologies face challenges in accurately distinguishing between active speech/music and background noise, especially in low SNR conditions, leading to potential clipping and inefficiencies in discontinuous transmission systems.

Innovation Solution

An improved method for estimating background noise in audio signals, which reduces the current noise estimate when music is detected and the energy difference is below a threshold, without relying on feedback from activity detectors, allowing for more accurate sound activity detection and reducing the risk of speech/music being misclassified as background noise.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If the activity detector is too efficient in detecting non-activity, then DTX efficiency is improved, but clipping occurs in active signals causing quality degradation

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveDTX efficiencyVSAvoidsignal quality
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the parameter of background noise estimation by introducing a music detection mechanism that identifies non-stationary signals. When music is detected, the system prevents updates to the background noise estimate, thereby avoiding parameter drift that would cause clipping. This resolves the contradiction by adapting the estimation behavior based on signal type, maintaining both DTX efficiency and signal quality.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If the activity detector is not efficient enough, then clipping is avoided, but background noise segments are misclassified as active signals reducing DTX efficiency

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesignal qualityVSAvoidDTX efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The system dynamically changes the estimation parameter behavior based on music detection results. When music is detected through non-stationarity analysis, the background noise estimate is held constant, preventing false updates that would reduce detection accuracy. This maintains reliable signal quality while preserving DTX efficiency through accurate background modeling during stationary periods.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Measurement precision

If background noise estimate is continuously updated, then tracking of non-stationary noise is improved, but music segments are misclassified as background noise

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenoise tracking accuracyVSAvoidsignal classification accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a feedback mechanism where the update process continuously monitors signal stationarity. When non-stationarity indicative of music is detected, the feedback loop prevents background noise estimate updates. This resolves the contradiction by using feedback to distinguish between transient noise variations that should be tracked and musical content that should preserve the existing estimate.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes the estimation parameter update rule based on detected signal characteristics. During stationary periods, normal updating occurs to track noise accurately. During non-stationary periods identified as music, the update parameter is changed to prevent modifications. This adaptive parameter change maintains both tracking accuracy and classification reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

4Measurement precision

If decision feedback is used for background estimation, then estimation accuracy is improved, but complexity of the system increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveestimation accuracyVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the operational parameter of the estimation algorithm based on music detection. Instead of always using decision feedback or never using it, the system dynamically adjusts whether to apply feedback based on signal stationarity. When music is detected, feedback is disabled; during stationary speech, feedback is enabled. This reduces overall system complexity while maintaining high estimation accuracy when needed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP3719801B1Estimation of background noise in audio signals
Publication Date: 2023.02.01 TELEFONAKTIEBOLAGET LM ERICSSON (PUBL)
  • EP3719801B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3719801B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3719801B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for background noise estimation in an audio signal segment. The method comprises determining if the audio signal segment comprises music, and reducing a current noise estimate of each sub-band where the current noise estimate exceeds a minimum value when the audio signal segment is determined to comprise music. This is to be performed when the difference between an energy of the audio signal segment and a long-term minimum energy is below a threshold value, but no pause is detected in the audio signal segment. Performing the method enables a more adequate sound activity detection based on the background noise estimate, as compared to the prior art.