Audio Signal Quantization Using Psychoacoustic Masking Thresholds

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current audio coding techniques for 3D sound scenes fail to guarantee minimal distortion in the listening domain, leading to suboptimal audio quality due to inadequate quantization noise management in multichannel systems.

Innovation Solution

A method for determining a quantization function based on psychoacoustic masking thresholds and inverse linear transformation errors, which minimizes noise in the listening domain by iteratively adjusting parameters to ensure compliance with perceptual criteria and reduce bit rate.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If conventional quantization methods are used on transformed components, then device complexity is reduced, but audio quality deteriorates due to quantization noise not being properly masked in the listening domain

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvequantization process complexityVSAvoidaudio quality
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces an intermediary transformation process: quantization is performed in the transformed domain (e.g., ambisonic or surround domain), and then an inverse transformation is applied to map the quantized components back to the listening domain. This intermediary approach allows quantization noise to be properly masked by the audio signals in the listening domain, improving audio quality while maintaining relatively simple device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the domain parameters by applying a linear transformation to convert audio signals from the listening domain to a different domain (e.g., ambisonic or surround domain) for quantization. This parameter change in the transformation domain allows for more effective quantization noise management when the inverse transformation is applied, resolving the contradiction between simplicity and quality.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Device complexity

If quantization is performed in the transformed domain, then device complexity is reduced, but quantization noise increases in the listening domain

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvequantization process complexityVSAvoidquantization noise
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The inverse transformation acts as an intermediary that maps quantized components from the transformed domain back to the listening domain. This intermediary step ensures that quantization noise is distributed and masked by the audio signals in the listening domain, reducing the perceptibility of harmful quantization noise while maintaining the simplicity of quantization in the transformed domain.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent converts the potentially harmful quantization noise generated in the transformed domain into a beneficial situation by applying the inverse transformation. The noise is redistributed and masked by the audio signals in the listening domain, transforming the harmful quantization noise into an imperceptible artifact, thus converting harm into benefit.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

3Manufacturing precision

If psychoacoustic masking thresholds are used for quantization, then audio quality is improved, but bit rate increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaudio qualityVSAvoidbit rate
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the domain parameters by performing quantization in the transformed domain rather than directly in the listening domain. This parameter change allows psychoacoustic masking to be effectively applied in the transformed domain, and the inverse transformation ensures that the masking效果 is preserved in the listening domain, achieving high audio quality without excessive bit rate increase.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP2168121B1Quantification after linear conversion combining audio signals of a sound scene, and related encoder
Publication Date: 2018.06.06 ORANGE SA
  • EP2168121B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2168121B1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP2168121B1 patent drawing

AI summary

The invention relates to a method for quantifying components ((yj)1=j=r ), wherein certain components are each determined based on a plurality of audio signals ( (sj)11=j=N) and can be calculated by the application of a linear conversion on the audio signals, said method comprising: determining a quantification function (Qm) to be applied to the components by testing a condition relative to an audio signal ( Si ) and depending on a comparison made between a psycho-acoustic masking threshold (Mm t(s,i) ) relative to the audio signal and a value determined based on the reverse linear conversion and quantification errors of the components by the function.