Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation With Real-Time Adaptive Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current Vagus nerve stimulation devices are invasive, prone to side effects, and lack personalization and real-time adaptability, making them cumbersome and risky for precise stimulation.
Innovation Solution
A non-invasive auricular nerve stimulation system using electrodes positioned on the ear to deliver personalized electrical stimulation to the auricular branch of the Vagus nerve, controlled by a learning engine that adjusts parameters based on real-time physiological feedback and data analysis.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If percutaneous access methods are used for neuromodulation, then implantation is less invasive and recovery is faster, but risk of infection and other complications increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system divides the neuromodulation function into separate modular components: a rechargeable implantable pulse generator (IPG) and separate electrode arrays. This segmentation allows the IPG to be implanted through a smaller, less invasive procedure while the electrode arrays can be positioned through separate percutaneous access points, reducing overall surgical trauma and infection risk compared to traditional single-unit implants.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a rechargeable battery system as an intermediary component that can be externally recharged through the skin. This eliminates the need for percutaneous wire connections that create infection pathways, as the charging interface is hermetically sealed and does not require breaking the implant's protective barrier.
2Reliability
If traditional implantable pulse generators are used, then reliable power supply is achieved, but device size is large and surgical implantation is complex
Solution Approach 1:
The system transitions from static, non-rechargeable batteries to a dynamic rechargeable battery system. The implantable pulse generator includes a rechargeable lithium-ion or lithium-polymer battery that can be replenished in situ through wireless energy transfer or percutaneous charging, extending device lifespan and eliminating the need for complex surgical battery replacement procedures.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the IPG into distinct functional modules: a rechargeable battery compartment, circuit board with neuromodulation electronics, and connector interfaces. This modular design simplifies surgical implantation as components can be independently positioned and connected, reducing surgical complexity while maintaining reliable power supply through the rechargeable battery system.
3Adaptability or versatility
If modular electrode arrays are used, then device adaptability and ease of reconfiguration are improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The electrode system is divided into multiple separable electrode arrays that can be independently implanted and connected to the IPG. Each array can be optimized for specific neural targets, and the modular connection interfaces allow flexible reconfiguration of which arrays are active, providing adaptability without requiring complex integrated designs.
Solution Approach 2:
The IPG is designed with universal connector interfaces that can accommodate different electrode array configurations. The same basic IPG unit can work with various electrode arrays targeting different neural structures, achieving versatility through standardized interfaces rather than complex custom-integrated designs.
Data Source
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AI summary
Described herein are noninvasive electrical stimulation devices, systems and methods for stimulation of the Vagus nerve through its auricular branch to provide beneficial physiological responses in subjects, including alleviation, mitigation or elimination of symptoms of various disorders, including metabolic and inflammatory disorders.