Auto-refractometer Cataract Detection via Intensity Homogeneity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current auto-refractometers and Shack-Hartmann sensors do not utilize the intensity of light reflected from the retina for ophthalmic aberration measurement, lacking a method for early and efficient detection of cataracts, which is crucial for timely intervention in vision degradation.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating an intensity detector and a computing device into the auto-refractometer system to measure the intensity homogeneity and signal-to-noise ratio of the spot pattern generated by the Shack-Hartmann sensor, allowing for cataract detection based on threshold values, specifically using the auto-refractometer to assess changes in spot pattern intensity for early identification.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the auto-refractometer uses only wavefront measurement without intensity detection, then the device complexity is reduced, but the ability to detect cataracts early is lost
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies multi-functionality by enabling the auto-refractometer to perform both its original wavefront measurement function and a new intensity measurement function for cataract detection. The intensity detector is integrated into the existing system, allowing the same device to serve multiple diagnostic purposes without requiring separate specialized equipment.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intensity detector as an intermediary component that bridges the gap between the existing wavefront measurement system and the new cataract detection capability. This intermediary device captures intensity information from the reflected light without interfering with the primary wavefront sensing function, enabling early cataract detection through intensity homogeneity analysis.
2Loss of information
If the Shack-Hartmann sensor measures only spot position and size, then the measurement precision for wavefront is maintained, but the loss of information regarding intensity homogeneity occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies segmentation by separating the measurement functions into distinct components: the Shack-Hartmann sensor continues to measure spot position and size for wavefront analysis, while the intensity detector separately measures intensity homogeneity for cataract detection. This segmentation allows both measurement types to occur independently without interfering with each other's precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent adds another dimension to the measurement by incorporating intensity detection alongside the existing spatial position and size measurements. This dimensional expansion allows the system to capture both wavefront aberration information (through position/size) and cataract-related information (through intensity homogeneity) simultaneously from the same optical path.
3Loss of time
If no intensity detector is used, then the device complexity is low, but the early detection capability for cataracts is not achieved
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by implementing early cataract detection capability that can identify cataracts before they significantly impact vision. The intensity detector continuously monitors intensity homogeneity during routine auto-refractometer measurements, enabling early intervention and treatment planning before the patient experiences noticeable vision degradation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables early and efficient detection of cataracts by analyzing intensity changes, allowing for earlier treatment and improved patient outcomes through automated assessment of spot pattern intensity and signal-to-noise ratios.
Implementation Method 1
The lens array is focusing the incoming beam at the focal distance of each lens
Implementation Method 2
measures the wavefront of the beam reflected by the retina
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention is directed to an automated ophthalmic cataract detection using an auto-refractometer. The present invention features a method for early identification of cataracts in a patient based on spot pattern intensity. In some embodiments, the method may comprise providing an auto-refractometer comprising a Shack-Hartman sensor, and an intensity detector. The method may further comprise providing a computing device, measuring, by the Shack-Hartman sensor, a spot pattern from an eye of the patient, measuring, by the intensity detector, an intensity homogeneity value of the spot pattern, and detecting, by the computing device, a cataract in the eye of the patient based on the intensity homogeneity value. The computing device may detect the cataract if the intensity homogeneity ratio is below a threshold value.