Asynchronous Autofocus Module for Optical Instruments

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Solution Overview

Problem

Traditional autofocus subsystems in optical instruments disrupt other operations by interrupting scanning processes and are prone to z-axis drift due to discrete operation intervals, leading to instability in maintaining precise focus over time.

Innovation Solution

A continuously operating, asynchronously functioning autofocus module that monitors and adjusts the z-axis position of the objective lens relative to the sample, using a beam splitter to split the autofocus light into multiple downstream beams of varying optical path lengths, allowing for simultaneous monitoring and correction of focus deviations without interrupting other operations.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If traditional autofocus subsystems operate at discrete intervals to maintain focus, then the system can periodically correct focus deviations, but this causes interruptions to scanning processes and introduces z-axis drift between correction intervals

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefocus stabilityVSAvoidscanning continuity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements continuous autofocus operation where the autofocus subsystem runs asynchronously and continuously rather than at discrete intervals. This allows the system to maintain focus without interrupting scanning processes, as the continuous operation eliminates the start-stop cycles inherent in traditional periodic autofocus systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

Solution Approach 2:

The system dynamically adjusts the z-axis position of the objective lens in real-time based on continuous feedback from the detector. This dynamic adjustment capability allows the system to respond to focus deviations immediately without waiting for predetermined correction intervals, thereby maintaining both focus stability and scanning continuity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Measurement precision

If traditional autofocus systems use a single optical path for focus detection, then the system structure remains simple, but it cannot simultaneously monitor multiple focal planes or perform rapid z-axis position determination

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvez-axis position determination accuracyVSAvoidoptical system structure
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the single optical path into multiple parallel optical paths using beam splitters. Each optical path is directed to a different detector, allowing simultaneous monitoring of multiple focal planes. This segmentation enables rapid z-axis position determination by comparing signals from multiple detectors without requiring sequential scanning.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The system transitions from monitoring a single focal plane to simultaneously monitoring multiple focal planes by adding the dimension of parallel optical paths. This dimensional expansion allows the system to determine z-axis position more rapidly by analyzing focus information from multiple planes concurrently, rather than sequentially.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

3Ease of operation

If the autofocus subsystem operates synchronously with scanning processes, then coordination between focus adjustment and scanning is simplified, but focus corrections may disrupt or slow down the scanning rate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoordination between autofocus and scanningVSAvoidscanning rate
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSSpeed

Solution Approach 1:

The autofocus subsystem operates asynchronously and independently from the scanning process, dynamically adjusting focus without being synchronized to scanning cycles. This dynamic operation allows the autofocus system to work at its own optimal rate without being constrained by scanning timing, thereby maintaining high scanning rates while ensuring continuous focus correction.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces an intermediary control system that manages the asynchronous operation between the autofocus subsystem and the scanning process. This intermediary coordinates the independent operations by translating focus correction signals into adjustments that do not disrupt the scanning rhythm, allowing both processes to run simultaneously at full speed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution maintains stable and precise focus over time without disrupting data collection, reducing z-axis drift and enabling faster and more accurate determination of the z-axis position, thus enhancing the stability and precision of optical instrument focus.

Implementation Method 1

uses a beam splitter to split the autofocus light into multiple downstream beams of varying optical path lengths

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight splitting: Reflection

Data Source

PatentEP3278164B1System and method for continuous, asynchronous autofocus of optical instruments
Publication Date: 2024.10.16 LEICA MICROSYSTEMS CMS GMBH
  • EP3278164B1 patent drawingFigure 1A
  • EP3278164B1 patent drawingFigure 1B
  • EP3278164B1 patent drawingFigure 1C

AI summary

Embodiments of the present invention are directed to autofocus subsystems within optical instruments that continuously monitor the focus of the optical instruments and adjust distances within the optical instrument along the optical axis in order to maintain a precise and stable optical-instrument focus at a particular point or surface on, within, or near a sample. Certain embodiments of the present invention operate asynchronously with respect to operation of other components and subsystems of the optical instrument in which they are embedded. In one embodiment the autofocus detector comprises a beam splitter arranged to split the autofocus light beam into a plurality (n) of down-stream light beams and a photodetector arrangement for registering the intensity of each one of the down-stream light beams.