Automated Personalized Brain Modulation via Transcranial and Intranasal Photobiomodulation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current treatments for neurological conditions such as traumatic brain injury, stroke, neurodegenerative diseases, and psychiatric disorders lack effective pharmacological options, prompting the exploration of non-pharmacological therapies like photobiomodulation (PBM) for brain modulation.
Innovation Solution
A system and method for automated personalized brain modulation using transcranial and intranasal photobiomodulation, employing light-emitting units and a controller assembly to deliver targeted light energy to specific brain areas, adjusting parameters like wavelength, coherency, energy, and pulse frequency for therapeutic effects.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If pharmacological treatments are used for neurological conditions, then treatment coverage is provided, but effectiveness is insufficient or harmful effects occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces pharmacological (chemical) treatment with photobiomodulation (light-based) treatment. Light energy in the red and near-infrared spectrum is used to stimulate mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase, producing therapeutic effects without the harmful side effects of medications. This substitution of chemical mechanisms with optical mechanisms directly addresses the contradiction between treatment effectiveness and harmful effects.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If non-pharmacological therapies like photobiomodulation are implemented, then harmful effects are avoided, but treatment personalization and targeting precision are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The system incorporates feedback mechanisms where treatment parameters are adjusted based on individual patient responses and condition severity. The controller assembly modifies light delivery parameters (wavelength, power, duration) based on real-time or pre-assessed patient data, enabling personalized treatment protocols that maintain safety while improving targeting precision for different neurological conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs dynamic treatment protocols where light delivery parameters are not fixed but can be adjusted during and between treatment sessions. The system adapts wavelength, power output, and treatment duration based on patient response, allowing optimization of therapeutic effects while maintaining safety margins, thus resolving the contradiction between avoiding harmful effects and achieving precise targeting.
3Measurement precision
If automated personalized brain modulation is implemented, then treatment precision is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent designs a multi-functional system where a single device integrates multiple light sources emitting at different wavelengths, a controller assembly capable of various treatment protocols, and applicators for different administration routes (transcranial, intranasal, intraocular). This universal device can treat multiple neurological conditions with varying parameters, reducing the need for multiple specialized devices and thereby managing complexity while maintaining high treatment precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The system is divided into modular components: light generating units with specific wavelength capabilities, a controller assembly for parameter management, and various applicators for different treatment routes. This segmentation allows the complex functionality to be organized into manageable modules, each performing specific functions, which simplifies the overall system architecture while enabling precise and personalized treatment through coordinated operation of these modules.
4Adaptability or versatility
If multiple light generating units with different wavelengths are used, then treatment versatility is improved, but device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple light generating units emitting at different wavelengths (red and near-infrared) into a single integrated device. These units are housed together with a common controller assembly that manages all wavelengths, allowing the device to deliver versatile multi-wavelength photobiomodulation treatment while consolidating control functions and reducing overall system complexity compared to separate devices for each wavelength.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enhances mitochondrial function, increases ATP production, improves cerebral blood flow, and stimulates neural activity, leading to potential therapeutic benefits for various neurological conditions by promoting healing and recovery.
Implementation Method 1
at least one light generating unit housed and contained within said sized internal spatial volume of said portable hollow casing of each configured irradiation unit and which is capable of generating light energy sufficient to irradiate the skull and penetrate through the skull to pass into the brain
Implementation Method 2
The most well investigated mechanism of action of PBM is its fundamental effect on mitochondrial function. PBM has been demonstrated to increase the activity of complexes in the electron transport chain of mitochondria... CCO specifically accepts and transduces light in the red (620-700 nm) and the near-infrared (780-1110 nm) spectrums
Data Source
AI summary
A novel photobiomodulation (PBM) system and method that comprehensively directs therapeutic light energy into the brain from a combination of transcranial (through the skull) and intranasal (via the nasal channels) locations. In a preferred embodiment, the PBM device works in combination with a diagnostic tool to provide enhanced treatment of abnormal brain function intelligently, automatically, and unrestricted by geographical distances.