Automated Pathogen Detection Device with Centrifugal Concentration
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing pathogen detection platforms in fluid samples are poorly suited for automation, especially in applications with low pathogen concentrations, and require manual intervention, which limits their use to laboratory settings.
Innovation Solution
An automated device comprising an on-board holding tank, a fully automated centrifuge, peristaltic pumps, an automated fluidics sensor management system, a rapid qPCR heating system, and an electrical signal detection system, which enables fully automated sample processing, detection, and analysis without manual intervention.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Extent of automation
If manual sample preparation and processing methods are used, then flexibility and adaptability are maintained, but automation capability is poor and manual intervention is required
Solution Approach 1:
The system is divided into distinct functional modules: a centrifuge module for sample concentration, a qPCR module for nucleic acid amplification, and an integrated fluidics system for sample transport. Each module operates semi-independently, allowing automated processing while maintaining manageable complexity through modular design.
Solution Approach 2:
The centrifuge and qPCR system are integrated into a single platform that can handle multiple sample preparation and detection functions. The fluidics system serves multiple purposes by transporting samples between different modules, reducing the need for separate dedicated systems and thereby controlling overall complexity while enhancing automation.
2Measurement precision
If extraction and purification of target nucleic acids is performed, then detection specificity is improved, but processing time is extended and automation is hindered
Solution Approach 1:
Sample concentration is performed in advance using the integrated centrifuge, which pre-concentrates the sample before it enters the qPCR module. This preliminary concentration step reduces the need for extensive extraction and purification during the main detection process, thereby maintaining high detection sensitivity while reducing overall processing time and facilitating automation.
Solution Approach 2:
The centrifuge and qPCR systems are merged into an integrated platform where sample concentration and nucleic acid amplification occur in a continuous automated workflow. The fluidics system seamlessly transports concentrated samples from the centrifuge to the qPCR module, eliminating manual transfer steps and reducing total processing time while maintaining detection sensitivity.
3Ease of operation
If existing pathogen detection platforms are used, then detection capability is achieved, but suitability for on-site applications is poor due to lack of automation
Solution Approach 1:
The system is designed to operate autonomously with minimal user input. The integrated centrifuge automatically concentrates samples, the fluidics system automatically transports samples between modules, and the qPCR module automatically performs amplification and detection. This self-service capability makes the system easy to operate in on-site settings without requiring trained laboratory personnel.
Solution Approach 2:
The centrifuge, fluidics system, and qPCR module are nested within a single integrated platform, with the fluidics system acting as a connecting framework that nests sample transport pathways between the centrifuge and qPCR modules. This nested architecture consolidates multiple functions into one compact system, improving ease of operation for on-site applications while maintaining high automation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The automated device enables rapid, accurate, and highly sensitive detection of pathogens and chemicals in fluid samples, capable of producing full qPCR-based results within one hour, suitable for on-site applications.
Implementation Method 1
an on-board fully automated centrifuge for sample concentration of the fluid sample
Implementation Method 2
a first on-board peristaltic pump configured to pump the fluid sample from the holding tank into the centrifuge
Implementation Method 3
a rapid qPCR heating system operable to heat the qPCR instrument
Data Source
AI summary
An automated device and method for detecting a presence of a pathogen or a chemical in a fluid sample are disclosed. The device has an on-board holding tank configured to store the fluid sample; an on-board fully automated centrifuge for sample concentration; a first on-board peristaltic pump configured to pump the fluid sample into the centrifuge; an automated fluidics sensor management system; a rapid qPCR heating system; a fluidics sensor rotation and articulation system; an electrical signal detection system; a lid heating assembly system; and an automated sample to fluidics sensor deposition system. An automated fluidics sensor management system and an automated qPCR instrument for use with the device are also disclosed.