Automatic Patient-Specific DBS Targeting From One Brain Scan
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing deep brain stimulation (DBS) targeting techniques face challenges with direct targeting methods requiring multiple brain images/scans, which are labor-intensive, time-consuming, and expensive, and introduce inaccuracies due to image alignment/registration, limiting their availability and accuracy.
Innovation Solution
A method using a single pre-operative scan of a patient's brain to generate a patient-specific 3D mesh brain structure representation, leveraging mesh vertex-based correspondences and a shape-constrained deformable cranial region model to predict DBS lead placement coordinates, employing either a closest mesh vertex subset or average spatial offset approach.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If direct targeting methods are used to improve DBS lead placement accuracy, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity and cost increase due to requiring multiple brain images/scans
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and utilizes only the essential anatomical landmarks (anterior commissure and posterior commissure) from a single brain scan to establish the AC-PC line, eliminating the need for multiple complex imaging modalities while maintaining targeting accuracy through shape-constrained deformable modeling of the cranial region
Solution Approach 2:
A single brain scan is made to serve multiple functions: it provides both the anatomical landmarks for AC-PC line determination and the structural data for shape-constrained deformable modeling, replacing the need for multiple specialized scans while achieving comprehensive targeting information
2Measurement precision
If direct targeting methods are used to improve DBS lead placement accuracy, then measurement precision is improved, but loss of time increases due to labor-intensive image alignment and registration
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary determination of the AC-PC line and establishment of the coordinate system from the single scan before proceeding to target identification, pre-computing the transformation relationships and shape constraints to eliminate time-consuming alignment steps during the actual targeting process
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a shape-constrained deformable model as an intermediary that automatically bridges the single scan data and the 3D anatomical structures, eliminating the need for manual image alignment and registration by using the model's inherent geometric constraints to establish accurate spatial relationships
3Device complexity
If indirect targeting using atlas space alignment is used to simplify the process, then device complexity is reduced, but measurement precision deteriorates due to alignment inaccuracies
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies shape constraints specifically to the cranial region and AC-PC line determination, ensuring that the coordinate system alignment is locally optimized for the critical targeting area rather than relying on global atlas matching, thereby improving precision in the region that matters most for DBS lead placement
Data Source
AI summary
Examples of the presently disclosed technology provide new systems and methods for performing direct targeting for DBS procedures (and other related procedures) using a single pre-operative scan of a patient's brain. Examples can achieve this single-scan direct targeting by leveraging mesh vertex-based correspondences between patient-specific 3D mesh brain structure representations across prospective and historical DBS procedures. Examples can leverage such correspondences to accurately predict DBS lead placement coordinates for a prospective DBS procedure based on historical DBS lead placement coordinates from the historical DBS procedures. Accordingly, a clinician performing the prospective DBS procedure can utilize the predicted DBS lead placement coordinates for surgical planning purposes.