Automotive Power Source Apparatus with Isolated Measurement Circuits
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing automotive power source apparatuses face challenges in reliably transmitting battery voltage signals to the vehicle-side while ensuring safety by isolating the driving battery from the vehicle chassis ground, as existing solutions either compromise safety or suffer from signal transmission failures due to isolation circuit malfunctions.
Innovation Solution
The apparatus employs a high-voltage-side power supply from the driving battery to power measurement circuits and isolation circuits, with low-voltage-side power supply from the auxiliary battery, using redundant isolation and power paths to ensure stable signal transmission and safety, even in case of circuit malfunctions, by isolating the driving battery from the chassis ground.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If the driving battery ground line is connected to the vehicle chassis ground to power the measurement circuits, then the circuits can be powered simply, but the driving battery cannot be isolated from chassis ground making it difficult to insure safety and prevent electric shock
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the power supply system into two independent segments: high-voltage-side power supply circuitry that powers the measurement circuits from the driving battery, and low-voltage-side power supply circuitry that powers the isolation circuits from the auxiliary battery. This segmentation allows the measurement circuits to be powered from the driving battery while maintaining galvanic isolation through the isolation circuits, thus preventing electric shock risk while keeping the configuration manageable
Solution Approach 2:
The isolation circuits act as an intermediary between the high-voltage measurement circuits and the low-voltage vehicle-side control systems. These isolation circuits transfer power and signal information while maintaining galvanic isolation, enabling the measurement circuits to be powered from the driving battery without directly connecting the driving battery ground to the chassis ground, thereby preventing electric shock
2Object-affected harmful factors
If isolation circuitry is used to isolate the driving battery from chassis ground, then safety is improved, but if the isolation circuit malfunctions, battery voltage signals cannot be transmitted to the vehicle-side
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the signal transmission path into multiple independent channels: a first isolation circuit for transmitting battery voltage signals and a second isolation circuit for transmitting over-charging and over-discharging detection signals. This segmentation ensures that if one isolation circuit malfunctions, the other can still transmit critical information, maintaining signal transmission reliability while preserving safety isolation
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements redundant isolation circuits that serve as backup pathways. The first isolation circuit and second isolation circuit are configured such that if one fails, the other can compensate, providing beforehand cushioning against single-point failures. This redundancy maintains signal transmission reliability while the galvanic isolation continues to prevent electric shock
3Reliability
If two circuits are used to detect battery voltage, then reliability is increased with redundancy, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the power supply function and isolation function into an integrated dual-path architecture. The high-voltage-side power supply circuitry powers both measurement circuits, while the low-voltage-side power supply circuitry powers both isolation circuits. This merging of functions reduces overall system complexity compared to having completely separate power and isolation systems for each detection circuit
Data Source
AI summary
The power source apparatus has high-voltage-side power supply circuitry 4 that supplies driving battery 1 power to the first measurement circuit 2 and the second measurement circuit 3, isolation circuitry 5 that isolates output from the first measurement circuit 2 and the second measurement circuit 3 and outputs it to the vehicle-side, and low-voltage-side power supply circuitry 6 that supplies vehicle auxiliary battery 7 (12V) power to the isolation circuitry 5. The first measurement circuit 2, which is powered by the high-voltage-side power supply circuitry 4, outputs voltage signals to the vehicle-side via the first isolation circuit 5A, which is powered by the first low-voltage-side power supply circuit 6A, and the second measurement circuit 3, which is powered by the high-voltage-side power supply circuitry 4, outputs battery 10 error signals to the vehicle-side via the second isolation circuit 5B, which is powered by the second low-voltage-side power supply circuit 6B.