Autonomous Driving ECU Data Construction for Bandwidth Management
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing onboard systems for autonomous driving struggle to flexibly reduce data transmission according to varying situations such as road types, time slots, climate, and traffic volume, leading to inefficient CPU processing and network bandwidth utilization.
Innovation Solution
An autonomous driving system with an autonomous driving ECU and multiple data ECUs connected through a network, featuring a first communication unit for data transmission and a data construction unit that dynamically reduces autonomous driving data based on predetermined events, such as network failures or high CPU load, to ensure data is transmitted within a predetermined amount, using both main and backup networks for reliable communication.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If data transmission is uniformly reduced from all ECUs, then communication bandwidth is suppressed and CPU processing load is reduced, but the system loses flexibility to adapt to various situations such as road types, time slots, climate, and traffic volume
Solution Approach 1:
The system segments the ECU network into data transmission sources (sensors, ECUs) and a central autonomous driving ECU. Each data ECU independently manages its own data transmission, allowing selective and flexible data reduction at each segment rather than uniform reduction across the entire system. This enables adaptive data filtering based on local conditions while maintaining overall system efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements dynamic data reduction where the autonomous driving ECU receives data at varying rates based on real-time driving situations. The system adjusts data transmission frequency and volume dynamically according to factors like road type, traffic conditions, and environmental context, transitioning from static uniform reduction to adaptive dynamic reduction that optimizes both processing load and situational awareness.
2Loss of information
If high-volume autonomous driving data is continuously transmitted, then complete situation awareness is maintained, but network bandwidth and CPU processing load become excessive
Solution Approach 1:
The system extracts and transmits only the essential and necessary data elements required for autonomous driving decisions. Rather than transmitting complete raw sensor data, the patent filters and extracts key information such as obstacle positions, road conditions, and critical environmental factors, reducing data volume while preserving situation awareness completeness by focusing on extracted essential features.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies different data transmission qualities and volumes to different data streams based on their importance and local requirements. Critical safety-related data maintains high transmission frequency and completeness, while less critical information undergoes greater reduction. This local quality differentiation ensures situation awareness is maintained for essential elements while reducing overall data volume through selective quality adjustment.
3Loss of energy
If data reduction is applied uniformly across all ECUs, then communication bandwidth is optimized, but the system cannot flexibly adapt data transmission to specific driving situations such as different road types, time slots, climate, and traffic volume
Solution Approach 1:
The autonomous driving ECU implements feedback mechanisms that monitor driving situations, network conditions, and processing loads in real-time. Based on this feedback, the system dynamically adjusts data transmission parameters, sending more data when processing capacity is available and fewer data when load is high. This feedback loop enables flexible adaptation to varying driving situations while optimizing network bandwidth utilization through condition-responsive data reduction.
Data Source
AI summary
The autonomous driving ECU includes a first communication unit that transmits and receives autonomous driving data to and from the plurality of data ECUs, and a vehicle control unit that controls a vehicle on the basis of the autonomous driving data transmitted from the plurality of data ECUs. Each data ECU includes a data construction unit that performs a construction of the autonomous driving data transmitted to the autonomous driving ECU, and a second communication unit that transmits and receives the autonomous driving data to and from the autonomous driving ECU. If a predetermined event occurs, among the data ECUs, the data construction unit of the data ECU in which the predetermined event occurs constructs the autonomous driving data so that a total amount of the autonomous driving data transmitted from the data ECU in which the predetermined event occurs is not greater than a predetermined amount of data.