Autonomous Trailer Hitching via Neural Network Path Planning
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for attaching a tow vehicle to a trailer require manual guidance, often necessitating multiple people to navigate the vehicle in reverse, which can be inefficient and unsafe, especially for those unfamiliar with the process.
Innovation Solution
A system utilizing cameras, deep neural networks, and sensor systems to autonomously maneuver a tow vehicle in reverse, determining a vehicle path that aligns the hitch with the trailer hitch, allowing for autonomous connection by adjusting suspension height and executing steering, braking, and speed behaviors.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If manual guidance is used for trailer attachment, then the process can be completed with simple equipment, but multiple people are required and the process is inefficient and unsafe
Solution Approach 1:
The system enables the tow vehicle to autonomously perform the hitching operation without requiring external manual guidance. The autonomous hitching system uses sensors, cameras, and control algorithms to detect the trailer, calculate the optimal path, and execute the maneuver automatically, allowing the vehicle to service itself during the attachment process.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical manual guidance system (human operators physically directing the vehicle) with an electronic autonomous control system. This includes computer vision algorithms, path planning software, and automated steering/braking control that substitutes human mechanical intervention with electronic decision-making and actuation.
2Ease of operation
If multiple people provide manual guidance, then the vehicle can be directed to align with the trailer, but the process becomes complex and requires coordination between multiple operators
Solution Approach 1:
The autonomous hitching system performs the alignment function independently without requiring external operators. The system's computer vision and path planning capabilities enable it to autonomously calculate and execute the precise maneuvers needed to align the hitch ball with the trailer coupler, eliminating the need for multiple people to coordinate directions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an autonomous control system as an intermediary between the driver's intent to hitch and the vehicle's physical movement. This intermediate software layer processes sensor data, generates the optimal path, and translates high-level commands into low-level steering and braking actions, replacing the need for human-to-human communication coordination.
3Adaptability or versatility
If unfamiliar people provide directions, then manual guidance can still occur, but the efficiency and safety of the attachment process deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The system eliminates the reliability issue by making the vehicle self-sufficient in the guidance function. The autonomous hitching system uses its own sensors and algorithms to detect the trailer and compute the alignment path, removing the dependency on external human operators whose expertise may vary, thereby ensuring consistent and reliable attachment safety.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements continuous feedback loops where sensors monitor the vehicle's position, orientation, and speed relative to the trailer in real-time. This feedback is processed by control algorithms that continuously adjust the maneuver to maintain safe and accurate alignment, ensuring reliable attachment regardless of external conditions or operator expertise.
4Reliability
If autonomous hitching system is implemented, then the attachment process becomes safer and faster, but the system complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The autonomous hitching system leverages existing multi-functional vehicle components (cameras, sensors, steering, braking systems) that serve both their primary functions and the hitching operation. By making these existing systems multi-functional rather than adding dedicated single-purpose components, the patent reduces overall system complexity while achieving enhanced safety and automation.
Data Source
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AI summary
A method of maneuvering a vehicle in reverse for attachment to a trailer is disclosed. The method includes receiving one or more images from one or more cameras positioned on a back portion of the vehicle and identifying one or more trailers within the one or more images. The method also includes receiving an indication of a selected trailer from the one or more trailers. Additionally, the method includes determining a vehicle path from an initial position to a final position. The vehicle path includes maneuvers configured to direct the vehicle in a rearward direction along the vehicle path from the initial position to the final position. The method also includes executing one or more behaviors causing the vehicle to take an action to autonomously follow the vehicle path and execute the maneuvers.