Auxiliary Functional Layer for Display Substrate Alignment
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Solution Overview
Problem
The alignment precision between the array substrate and the color filter substrate in display panels is limited, leading to incomplete coverage of inactive display areas by the black matrix, which reduces the pixel aperture ratio and affects the display effect due to the current process level's limitations.
Innovation Solution
An auxiliary functional layer is introduced on the array substrate, which covers the orthographic projections of via holes and defines active display areas, ensuring accurate alignment and preventing light crosstalk by shielding inactive areas, thereby enhancing the display panel's alignment precision and effect.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If the black matrix is used to cover inactive display areas, then light crosstalk is prevented, but the alignment precision between array substrate and color filter substrate is insufficient, leading to incomplete coverage and reduced pixel aperture ratio
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the display area into active display areas and inactive display areas by introducing an auxiliary functional layer with light blocking patterns. This segmentation allows precise definition of where light should and should not pass through, solving the alignment precision problem without requiring the black matrix to extend into active areas, thus preserving pixel aperture ratio.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a new layer (auxiliary functional layer) between the array substrate and color filter substrate to solve the alignment problem. By adding this intermediate dimension, the system achieves precise light blocking without compromising the aperture ratio, as the new layer provides an additional degree of freedom for controlling light paths.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If the black matrix is extended to cover via hole regions, then light crosstalk is prevented, but the pixel aperture ratio is reduced due to the black matrix occupying display area
Solution Approach 1:
The auxiliary functional layer segments the light blocking function from the black matrix, creating dedicated light blocking patterns that precisely cover only the via holes and inactive areas. This segmentation prevents light crosstalk without requiring the black matrix to expand into active display areas, thereby maintaining high pixel aperture ratio.
Solution Approach 2:
The auxiliary functional layer acts as an intermediary between the array substrate and color filter substrate, providing the light blocking function that was previously performed by the black matrix. This intermediary layer precisely blocks light at via holes without reducing the pixel aperture ratio, as it is positioned and patterned to cover only non-display areas.
3Manufacturing precision
If the process level is improved to achieve better alignment, then the black matrix coverage is improved, but the manufacturing cost and complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The auxiliary functional layer is formed on the array substrate before assembling with the color filter substrate, establishing precise light blocking patterns in advance. This preliminary action ensures accurate coverage of via holes and inactive areas without requiring high-precision alignment during final assembly, thereby reducing process complexity while maintaining manufacturing precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The auxiliary functional layer is patterned to automatically align with the pixel structure through its formation process on the array substrate. The light blocking patterns self-align with via holes and inactive areas during the layer formation process, eliminating the need for complex post-alignment procedures and reducing overall manufacturing complexity.
Data Source
AI summary
The disclosure provides a display substrate, a display panel and a display device. The display substrate has a display area and a peripheral area surrounding the display area, and includes: a first base; multiple pixel units in the display area and on the first base, each pixel units includes a thin film transistor and a first electrode, in each pixel unit, a second electrode of the thin film transistor is electrically coupled with the first electrode through a first via hole penetrating through an interlayer insulating layer; and an auxiliary functional layer located in the display area and on a side, away from the first base, of the first electrode; an orthographic projection of the auxiliary functional layer on the first base covers at least a part of an orthographic projection of the first via hole on the first base, and defines an active display area of each first electrode.